An Integrated Database of Common Chemicals and Chemistry Demonstrations and Student Experiments Used in Hungary

Chemistry curricula in part rely
on the use of laboratory demonstrations
and experiments. The complex nature of this kind of educational activity
has been posing challenges from the very early days of teaching chemistry.
As chemistry is an experimental science, one possible approach to
make the teaching of this subject more efficient is to use materials
that students encounter in their everyday life. The present paper
delineates our efforts to create an integrated database of common
chemicals and their use in Hungarian elementary and middle schools.
The database combines two seemingly separate but intimately connected
fields which has not been accomplished so far: a database of common
chemicals and a database of chemistry laboratory demonstration experiments.
The two databases with their own idiosyncrasies are connected through
a common element, the components present in everyday chemicals. The
database offers various levels of searching in both subdatabases and
allows pre- and in-service teachers to design their own demonstrations
and student experiments, based on common chemicals, that best fit
their curricula in context-, project-, inquiry-, discovery-, and phenomenon-based
education. The application of our database allows the facilitation
of a conceptual change how chemistry and chemicals are contemplated
both in and outside school.

化学课程在一定程度上依赖实验演示与学生实验的开展。这类教育活动的复杂属性，自化学教学的早期阶段便带来了诸多挑战。鉴于化学是一门实验科学，提升该学科教学效率的可行路径之一，便是采用学生日常生活中接触得到的材料。本文详述了我们构建整合数据库的工作：该数据库收录常见化学品及其在匈牙利中小学的应用场景。该数据库整合了此前尚未实现的两个看似独立实则紧密关联的两大领域——常见化学品数据库与化学实验演示数据库。两个各具特性的数据库，以日常化学品中所含的成分作为共同联结纽带。该数据库支持两个子库的多级别检索功能，可帮助职前与在职教师基于日常化学品，设计最契合自身课程的演示实验与学生实验，适配情境式、项目式、探究式、发现式及现象式教学。本数据库的应用，有助于推动校内外对化学与化学品的认知观念转变。