TNF-α levels and presence of SNP-308G/A of TNF-α gene in temporomandibular disorder patients

ABSTRACT Introduction: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) refers to a group of conditions that compromise the harmonious movement and function of the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and associated structures. The etiopathogenesis of TMD is multifactorial but not well-understood, with the role of genetic factors still being unclear. Objective: This review aims to summarize the results of studies that evaluated TNF-α levels and the -308G/A TNF-α polymorphism in TMD patients. This study emphasizes the importance of a more selective treatment involving TNF-α inhibitors that can potentially reduce inflammation and pain, and improve quality of life. Methods: The MEDLINE/PubMed database, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science database were searched for case-control studies published until September 2020 that compared levels of TNF-α or presence of its -308G/A polymorphism in TMD patients and healthy individuals. Results: Six case-control studies were identified with a total of 398 TMD patients, aged between 12 and 78 years. The control group consisted of 149 subjects, aged between 18 and 47 years. The occurrence of TMD was predominant in females. Majority of studies found high TNF-α levels in TMD patients, compared to the control group. One of these studies found a positive correlation between the GA genotype and the development of TMD. Conclusion: Majority of the TMD patients showed elevated TNF-α levels, and a possible explanation for this could be the presence of the -308G/A polymorphism.

摘要
引言：颞下颌关节紊乱病（Temporomandibular disorder, TMD）是一类累及颞下颌关节、咀嚼肌及相关结构正常运动与功能稳态的疾病群。其病因发病机制呈多因素性，但目前尚未完全阐明，遗传因素所扮演的角色仍不明确。
研究目的：本综述旨在总结针对颞下颌关节紊乱病患者的肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平及其-308G/A多态性展开评估的相关研究结果。本研究强调采用针对性更强的治疗方案的重要性，这类方案可通过TNF-α抑制剂减轻炎症与疼痛，进而提升患者生存质量。
研究方法：检索MEDLINE/PubMed、Cochrane图书馆及Web of Science数据库，筛选截至2020年9月发表的、对比颞下颌关节紊乱病患者与健康个体的TNF-α水平或其-308G/A多态性分布的病例对照研究。
研究结果：最终纳入6项病例对照研究，共计398名颞下颌关节紊乱病患者，年龄区间为12至78岁；对照组共149名受试者，年龄区间为18至47岁。研究显示颞下颌关节紊乱病在女性群体中高发。多数研究结果表明，颞下颌关节紊乱病患者的TNF-α水平高于对照组。其中一项研究发现GA基因型与颞下颌关节紊乱病的发病存在正相关。
结论：多数颞下颌关节紊乱病患者的TNF-α水平升高，这一现象的潜在诱因之一可能为-308G/A多态性的存在。