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BackgroundAs the pace of economic development slows, college students are facing an increasingly challenging employment landscape. For instance, the expansion of higher education has led to a swell in the number of job seekers, which has in turn intensified competition. Given the limited job opportunities, it’s understandable that many college students are developing a pessimistic employment mindset. Therefore, it’s crucial to explore how objective factors influence their work aspirations. But few studies have explored the role of mediating factors between the two, such as family and resource factors. Thus, this study examines the effects of family support and work resources between the relationship between economic constraints and work volition.MethodsThe study examined 1249 Chinese undergraduate students as participants ((714 men and 535 women; Mage = 19.32, SD = 1.50), using the questionnaire with the Wenjuanxing online survey tool. The questionnaire were collected between August, 2022 and December, 2022. SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 24.0 were used to conducted a comprehensive analysis of the collected data, and investigate the relationships among latent variables and assess the goodness of fit of the observed indicators on their associated latent constructs. Additionally, we evaluated all the hypothesized direct and indirect effects.ResultsThe results showed the direct and indirect relationships among economic constraints, family support, work resources and work volition. Economic constraints can directly predict work volition. Moreover, economic constraints have a significant negative impact on work volition via two mediators: family support and work resources. On the one hand, economic constraints negatively affect work volition through family support and work resource separately. On the other hand, economic constraints negatively predict family support and work resource, thus negatively impact work volition.ContributionThe current study has established the independent mediating and chain-mediated effects of family support and work resources on the relationship between economic constraints and work volition. This deeper understanding of internal mechanisms provides valuable insights that can inform strategies for enhancing individual’s work volition, particularly from the perspectives of economic constraints, family support, and work volition.

研究背景
随着经济发展增速放缓，大学生面临的就业形势日趋严峻。例如，高等教育扩招使得求职人数大幅增加，进而加剧了就业竞争。在就业岗位总量有限的背景下，不少大学生滋生出消极的就业心态，实属情理之中。因此，探究客观因素如何影响大学生的职业抱负至关重要。但目前鲜有研究探讨二者之间的中介因素作用，例如家庭与资源类因素。为此，本研究旨在考察家庭支持与工作资源在经济约束与职业意愿关系中的作用。

研究方法
本研究以1249名中国本科生为研究对象（其中男性714人，女性535人，平均年龄19.32岁，标准差1.50），通过问卷星（Wenjuanxing）在线调研平台发放问卷。问卷回收工作于2022年8月至2022年12月期间完成。本研究采用SPSS 21.0与AMOS 24.0软件对收集到的数据进行综合分析，以考察潜变量间的关系，并评估观测指标与其对应潜变量的拟合优度。此外，本研究还对所有预设的直接效应与间接效应进行了检验。

研究结果
研究结果显示，经济约束、家庭支持、工作资源与职业意愿四者间存在直接与间接关联。经济约束对职业意愿具有直接预测作用。此外，经济约束还可通过家庭支持与工作资源这两个中介变量，对职业意愿产生显著的负向影响。一方面，经济约束可分别通过家庭支持、工作资源两条路径负向作用于职业意愿；另一方面，经济约束会负向影响家庭支持与工作资源，进而对职业意愿产生负向作用。

研究贡献
本研究明确了家庭支持与工作资源在经济约束与职业意愿关系中的独立中介效应与链式中介效应。本研究对内在作用机制的深入阐释，为提升个体职业意愿的相关策略提供了宝贵的理论参考，尤其可从经济约束、家庭支持与职业意愿三个维度切入。