[Frequency of non Tumor Skin Diseases in Dogs in the City of João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil (2014-2016)]

ABSTRACT Faced with the lack of studies on the frequency of dermatopathies that affect dogs by geographical region in Brazil, the present study aimed to evaluate the frequency of dermatopathies that affect the canine species in the metropolitan region of João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Data was collected from dogs that underwent dermatological care from September 2014 to December 2016. In addition to the clinical and dermatological examinations, dogs underwent complementary exams, such as cytological, skin scraping, parasitological skin examination, trichogram, bacteriological, mycological, histopathological and/or polymerase chain reaction. During the study period, 1,083 dogs were examined, in which 18.65% (202 /1,083) had some form of non-tumoral dermatopathy. Of the 202 dogs affected, 51.49% (104/202) were males and 48.51% (98/202) females. Of these 202 dogs, thirteen had two diagnoses, totaling 215 dermatopathies. 62.87% (127/202) of the affected dogs were purebred and 37.13% (75/202) were without a defined breed (WDB). The most frequently observed lesions were alopecia, hypotric, macular, erosive and ulcerative, placoid, erythematous areas, as well as comedones, collaretes and seborrhoea. The parasitic dermatopathies were the most frequent (35.35%; 76/215), followed by bacterial dermatopathies (24,19%; 52/215), allergic dermatopathies (20,00%; 43/215), dermatomycosis (17,21%; 37/215), dermatopathies for other causes (2,32%; 5/215) and autoimmune dermatopathies (0.93%; 2/215). Clinical and dermatological examination, including a detailed anamnesis, accurate clinical history and associated complementary exams are important tools for the diagnosis of dermatopathies in dogs. Available literature present some studies with canine dermatopathies frequencies superior to that obtained in the present study; however, the number of animals examined was smaller. In this survey, it was possible to establish the primary and secondary diagnoses in 100.0% of the non-tumoral dermatopathies in dogs, results higher than in previous studies. Probably, the frequency of canine dermatopathies in this region is higher than that observed, thus requiring additional studies with greater sampling.

摘要：鉴于巴西国内尚无针对不同地理区域犬皮肤疾病发病情况的相关研究，本研究旨在评估巴西帕拉伊巴州若昂佩索阿都会区犬类皮肤疾病的发病情况。研究数据采集自2014年9月至2016年12月期间接受皮肤疾病诊疗的犬只。除临床与皮肤专科检查外，受试犬只还接受了多项辅助检查，包括细胞学检查、皮肤刮片检查、皮肤寄生虫检测、毛干镜检、细菌学检测、真菌学检测、组织病理学检查以及/或聚合酶链式反应（polymerase chain reaction）。研究期间共纳入1083只受试犬，其中18.65%（202/1083）罹患各类非肿瘤性皮肤疾病。在202只患病犬只中，公犬占比51.49%（104/202），母犬占比48.51%（98/202）。其中13只犬同时被确诊两种皮肤疾病，总计纳入215例皮肤疾病病例。62.87%（127/202）的患病犬只为纯种犬，37.13%（75/202）为未明确品种犬（without defined breed, WDB）。最常见的皮损类型包括脱毛、毛发稀疏、斑疹、糜烂及溃疡性皮损、斑块状红斑区域，同时可见粉刺、颈周损害与皮脂溢。寄生虫性皮肤疾病最为常见，占比35.35%（76/215）；其次为细菌性皮肤疾病（24.19%，52/215）、变应性皮肤疾病（20.00%，43/215）、皮肤真菌病（17.21%，37/215）、其他病因性皮肤疾病（2.32%，5/215）以及自身免疫性皮肤疾病（0.93%，2/215）。临床与皮肤专科检查，结合详细的问诊记录与准确的病史采集，辅以相关辅助检查，是犬类皮肤疾病诊断的重要手段。现有文献中已有部分犬皮肤疾病发病情况的相关研究，其报道的发病比例高于本研究结果，但受试动物样本量均小于本研究。本调研可对所有非肿瘤性犬皮肤疾病完成原发与继发诊断，诊断成功率达100.0%，这一结果优于既往同类研究。本地区犬皮肤疾病的实际发病比例可能高于本次研究观测结果，因此需要开展更大样本量的后续研究。