National Travel Survey, 1988-1997

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P>The <I>National Travel Survey</I> (NTS) is a series of household surveys designed to provide regular, up-to-date data on personal travel and monitor changes in travel behaviour over time. The first NTS was commissioned by the Ministry of Transport in 1965. Further periodic surveys were carried out in 1972/73, 1975/76, 1978/79 and 1985/86 (the UK Data Service holds data from 1972 onwards). Since July 1988 the NTS has been carried out as a continuous survey with field work being carried out in every month of the year, and an annual set sample of over 5,000 addresses. From 2002, the NTS sample was increased approximately threefold, to approximately 15,000 per year. The advantage of the continuous study is that users will be able to discern seasonal and cyclical movements as well as trend changes over time. The NTS is carried out primarily for the purposes of government. The most fundamental use of the National Travel Survey within the Department for Transport (DfT) is as core base data for key transport models. These are critical to the assessment and appraisal of transport scheme proposals (national and local), transport policy proposals, and contribute to the development of our long-term strategy. The NTS data is used to develop consistent sets of transport policies. Because it relates travel to travellers, it makes it possible to relate policies to people and to predict their impact. The survey provides detailed information on different types of travel: where people travel from and to, distance, purpose and mode. The NTS records personal and socio-economic information to distinguish between different types of people, and the differences in the way they travel and how often they do so. The NTS is the only source of national information on subjects such as walking which provide a context for the results of more local studies.<br>
<br>
Further information may be found on the gov.uk <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/national-travel-survey-statistics" title="National Travel Survey">National Travel Survey</a> webpage.<br>
<br>
<b>End-User Licence, Special Licence and Secure Access NTS data</b><br>
The UK Data Archive holds three versions of the NTS:<ul><li>the End User Licence (EUL) versions (SNs 5340 and 6108) contain a comprehensive range of NTS data at Government Office Region geographic level and should be sufficient for most research needs. EUL data are available to registered users of the UK Data Service (see the Administrative and Access section below for details).</lI><li>The Special Licence versions (SNs 7553 and 7804) contain more detailed travel (including accidents), demographic and socio-economic data, and the geographic level is Local Authority/Unitary Authority. Special Licence data are subject to more restricted access conditions.</lI><li>The Secure Access version (SN 7559) contains more detailed information and postcode sector geographies. Secure Access data are subject to further restricted access conditions, including the completion of a training course.</lI></ul>Full information about the variables contained at each level are available in the NTS Table Structures spreadsheet, available in the documentation.<br>
<br><br><B>Main Topics</B>:<BR><br>The data for this study are in two separate files, one covering 1988-1995, and the other covering 1995-1997. Users should note that both parts contain the data for 1995, and therefore they overlap. <br>
<br>
There are about 200 variables in the survey, covering various topics. Most of the variables are available for all years from 1988 to 1997, but there have been some changes over time. First available dates are noted below where applicable, but users are advised to consult the technical reports where possible. Variables are as follows :<br>
Primary Sampling Unit (PSU variables) : area geography, concessionary fares schemes.<br>
Household variables : address, access to public transport, household composition, social and economic characteristics, vehicle access, period of travel, attitudes to local bus services (from 1993).<br>
Vehicle variables : vehicle characteristics, availability, fuel consumption, benefits and supports for motoring costs, parking (from 1995).<br>
Individual variables : personal/social and economic characteristics, travel difficulties, access to motor vehicles, special tickets and passes, travel to work.<br>
Long distance journey variables (from 1992) : purpose of journey, travel distance and main mode, origin and destination, travel period.<br>
Day variable : travel day.<br>
Journey variables : structure, purpose, travel times, travel mode and distance, travel speed, origin and destination (from 1992).<br>
Stage variables : mode, travel time, distance and speed, occupancy, public transport, private transport.

<P>本摘要版权归英国数据服务中心（UK Data Service）及数据采集版权所有者所有。</P><I>全国出行调查（National Travel Survey，简称NTS）</I>是一系列家庭调查项目，旨在定期提供最新的个人出行数据，并追踪出行行为随时间的变化趋势。首届全国出行调查于1965年由交通部（Ministry of Transport）委托开展。后续分别于1972/73、1975/76、1978/79及1985/86年开展了多轮定期调查（英国数据服务中心（UK Data Service）持有1972年起的相关数据）。自1988年7月起，全国出行调查转为连续性调查项目，全年每月均开展实地调研，年度固定样本量超过5000个住址。2002年起，调查样本量扩大约两倍（达到原样本量的三倍），年度样本量增至约15000个。连续性调查的优势在于，研究人员可借此识别出行行为的季节性、周期性波动及长期趋势变化。

全国出行调查主要为政府部门开展。英国交通部（Department for Transport，简称DfT）将全国出行调查作为核心基础数据，用于支撑关键交通模型的构建。这些模型对于评估国家级及地方级交通方案、交通政策提案至关重要，同时可为长期交通战略的制定提供依据。全国出行调查数据还用于制定统一的交通政策体系。由于该调查将出行行为与出行者本身绑定，因此可将政策与特定人群关联，并预测政策实施后的影响。该调查详细记录了各类出行的相关信息：包括出行起点与终点、出行距离、出行目的及出行方式。调查还收集了个人及社会经济层面的信息，用于区分不同人群的出行特征，包括出行方式选择及出行频率差异。全国出行调查是步行等出行主题的唯一国家级信息来源，可为地方性出行研究提供背景参照。

更多信息可参阅英国政府官网（gov.uk）上的<a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/national-travel-survey-statistics" title="全国出行调查">全国出行调查</a>专题页面。

<b>全国出行调查数据的最终用户许可、特殊许可及安全访问权限</b>

英国数据档案库（UK Data Archive）提供三类全国出行调查数据版本：
<ul>
<li>最终用户许可（End User Licence，简称EUL）版本（序列号SN 5340与SN 6108）：包含政府办公区地理层级的全维度全国出行调查数据，可满足绝大多数研究需求。该许可数据仅对英国数据服务中心（UK Data Service）的注册用户开放（详情请参阅下文的管理与访问章节）。</li>
<li>特殊许可（Special Licence）版本（序列号SN 7553与SN 7804）：包含更细致的出行数据（含出行事故信息）、人口统计及社会经济数据，地理层级为地方当局/单一管理区。特殊许可数据的访问限制更为严格。</li>
<li>安全访问（Secure Access）版本（序列号SN 7559）：包含更详尽的信息及邮政编码分区地理数据。安全访问数据的访问限制进一步提升，需完成指定培训课程后方可申请。</li>
</ul>
各数据版本包含的变量详情可查阅《全国出行调查表格结构》电子表格，该文件已包含在配套文档中。

<br><br><b>核心主题</b>：<br><br>
本研究的数据分为两个独立文件，其一涵盖1988-1995年的数据，其二涵盖1995-1997年的数据。请注意，两份文件均包含1995年的相关数据，因此存在数据重叠。

本次调查共包含约200个变量，涵盖多个研究主题。绝大多数变量可用于1988至1997年的全时段分析，但部分变量随时间有所调整。若有变量的首次启用年份，下文将予以标注；建议研究人员尽可能查阅技术报告以获取完整信息。变量分类如下：<br>
一级抽样单元（Primary Sampling Unit，简称PSU）变量：涵盖区域地理信息、优惠票价政策相关内容。<br>
家庭变量：包含住址、公共交通可达性、家庭构成、社会经济特征、车辆拥有情况、出行时段、对本地公交服务的态度（1993年起新增）。<br>
车辆变量：包含车辆特征、车辆保有情况、燃油消耗量、驾车成本补贴与支持政策、停车相关信息（1995年起新增）。<br>
个人变量：包含个人/社会经济特征、出行障碍、机动车可达性、专用车票与通行证、通勤出行相关信息。<br>
长途出行变量（1992年起新增）：包含出行目的、出行距离与主要出行方式、出行起点与终点、出行时段。<br>
出行日期变量：记录出行当日的相关信息。<br>
单次出行变量：包含出行结构、出行目的、出行时长、出行方式与距离、出行速度、出行起点与终点（1992年起新增）。<br>
出行阶段变量：包含出行方式、出行时长、距离与速度、载客量、公共交通及私人交通相关信息。