Worldwide Bureaucracy Indicators (WWBI)

The Worldwide Bureaucracy Indicators (WWBI) database is a unique cross-national dataset on public sector employment and wages that aims to fill an information gap, thereby helping researchers, development practitioners, and policymakers gain a better understanding of the personnel dimensions of state capability, the footprint of the public sector within the overall labor market, and the fiscal implications of the public sector wage bill. The dataset is derived from administrative data and household surveys, thereby complementing existing, expert perception-based approaches. The WWBI indicators are estimated from microdata drawn from the labor force and household surveys and augmented with administrative data for 202 economies in five categories: the demographics of the private and public sector workforces; public sector wage premiums; relative wages and pay compression ratios, gender pay gaps; and the public sector wage bill. The micro and administrative data utilized in the construction of the WWBI are drawn from data catalogs housing surveys conducted by national statistical organizations (NSO) or multilateral organization data teams. Together, these provide an important, albeit narrow, picture of the skills and incentives of bureaucrats. Indicators on public employment track key demographic characteristics including the size of the public sector workforce (in absolute and relative numbers), their age, and distributions across genders, industries, occupations, income quintiles, and academic qualifications. Variables on compensation capture both the competitiveness of public sector wages (compared to the private sector) as well as wage differentials across industry or occupation of employment, genders, education, and income quintiles within the public and private sectors as well as pay compression ratios in public and private sectors. The indicators on the size of the wage bill offer a glimpse into the structure and affordability of the public sector within the larger economy.

For further details, please refer to https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/search/dataset/0038132

全球官僚机构指标（Worldwide Bureaucracy Indicators, WWBI）数据库是一套独特的跨国公共部门就业与薪资数据集，旨在填补信息空白，助力研究人员、发展实践者与政策制定者更深入地理解国家能力的人员维度、公共部门在整体劳动力市场中的规模与影响，以及公共部门薪资账单的财政影响。该数据集整合行政数据与住户调查数据，以此补充现有基于专家主观感知的研究方法。WWBI指标基于劳动力调查与住户调查的微观数据估算得到，并辅以行政数据，覆盖全球202个经济体，涵盖五大类别：私营与公共部门劳动力人口统计特征、公共部门薪资溢价、相对薪资与薪资压缩率、性别薪资差距，以及公共部门薪资账单。构建WWBI所用的微观数据与行政数据，均源自各国统计机构（National Statistical Organizations, NSO）或多边组织数据团队所开展调查的数据目录。综上，这些数据虽覆盖范围有限，但仍可较为全面地展现官僚群体的技能水平与激励机制。公共就业相关指标可追踪多项关键人口统计特征，包括公共部门劳动力的绝对与相对规模、年龄结构，以及其在性别、行业、职业、收入五分位数与学历层次上的分布情况。薪资相关变量既考量公共部门薪资（相较于私营部门）的竞争力，也涵盖公共与私营部门内部，在就业行业/职业、性别、学历与收入五分位数层面的薪资差异，同时还包含两部门的薪资压缩率。薪资账单规模相关指标则可让研究者窥见公共部门在整体经济中的结构与负担能力。如需了解更多细节，请访问：https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/search/dataset/0038132