The school environment and its performance: analysis of the scores obtained by schools from the state of Espírito Santo in the nationwide exam Prova Brasil, using multiple linear regression

Abstract This article describes the relationship between the school environment and its performance. The study observed the score obtained in the nationwide school evaluation exam called Prova Brasil (2013) by the schools that are part of Espírito Santo’s educational system, analyzing them through multiple linear regression. The sample consisted of 244 schools and 10 environmental variables were analyzed, of which 3 formed the regression model by the stepwise method: Index of Teacher Regularity, Indicator of Teacher Stress and Abandonment Rate. The variables obtained 47.9% of association with the score obtained in Prova Brasil and explained 22% of the score’s variation. In addition, the variables are subject to management from civil servants working in the state’s educational system. The findings reinforce the importance of the school environment, as well as of the teacher, as a way to reduce — through the school — the effects of the unfavorable family and social background.

摘要 本研究旨在阐述学校环境与办学绩效之间的关联。研究对象为圣埃斯皮里图州教育体系下辖的学校，收集其在2013年巴西全国学校评估考试（Prova Brasil）中的得分，并采用多元线性回归法展开分析。本次研究的样本涵盖244所学校，共分析了10项学校环境变量，最终通过逐步回归法筛选出3项变量纳入回归模型：教师稳定性指数、教师压力指标与离职率。上述3项变量与Prova Brasil考试得分的关联程度达47.9%，可解释该考试得分22%的变异量。此外，上述变量可由该州教育体系内的公职人员进行管理与调控。本研究结果进一步印证了学校环境与教师的重要性，二者可通过学校教育抵消不利家庭与社会背景所带来的负面影响。