Evaluation of the genetic parameters for 10 common and five new ESS core autosomal STR loci in seven major geographic regions and the largest metropolitan province of Turkey

Background: Situated at the crossroads of Asia, Middle East and Europe, Turkey has an ethnically diverse population of over 78 milllion people.
Aim: To investigate the population genetics and potential differences in the autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphisms across all the major geographic regions and largest metropolitan province of Turkey within the context of the Near Eastern/European genetic landscape.
Subjects and methods: Samples from a total of 5299 unrelated individuals were analysed at 10 common [D2S1338, D3S1358, D8S1179, D16S539, D18S51, D19S433, D21S11, FGA, TH01, vWA] and five new European Standard Set (ESS) core autosomal STR loci [D1S1656, D2S441, D10S1248, D12S391, D22S1045].
Results: Allele frequencies, statistical parameters of forensic interest and population differentiation tests were calculated for nine population datasets corresponding to the seven major geographic regions, the largest metropolitan province, and a combined dataset for the entire country. Cumulative results confirmed the presence of significant differences among these nine autosomal datasets themselves and with those from the nearby populations, therefore justifying the differential use of these separate datasets on a case-by-case basis in forensic investigations.
Conclusion: This collection of autosomal STR population datasets comprises the largest and most comprehensive of its kind from Turkey so far.

背景：土耳其地处亚洲、中东与欧洲的交汇枢纽地带，拥有超过7800万人口的多民族族群群体。
研究目的：结合近东与欧洲的遗传背景，探究土耳其所有主要地理区域及最大都市省份的群体遗传学特征，以及常染色体短串联重复序列（autosomal short tandem repeat, STR）多态性的潜在差异。
研究对象与方法：共纳入5299名无关个体的样本，对10个常规常染色体STR位点[D2S1338、D3S1358、D8S1179、D16S539、D18S51、D19S433、D21S11、FGA、TH01、vWA]以及5个欧洲标准组（European Standard Set, ESS）核心常染色体STR位点[D1S1656、D2S441、D10S1248、D12S391、D22S1045]进行基因分型分析。
研究结果：针对对应土耳其7个主要地理区域、最大都市省份的9个群体数据集，以及覆盖全国的合并数据集，本研究计算了等位基因频率、法医鉴定相关统计学参数以及群体分化检验指标。综合分析结果证实，这9个常染色体数据集内部，以及其与邻近群体数据集之间均存在显著差异，因此支持在法医鉴定中依据具体案例差异化使用这些独立数据集。
研究结论：本研究构建的常染色体STR群体数据集集合，是迄今为止土耳其同类研究中规模最大、覆盖最为全面的数据集。