Electroencephalography data used in the study.

ObjectivesFunctional compression tights are widely used to support muscle activity, enhance blood flow and reduce fatigue, which comprises performance (motor or cognitive) and perceived fatigability. Although previous studies have reported their effects on motor performance fatigability, little is known about their effects on cognitive performance fatigability or brain activity. This study aimed to evaluate quantitatively and comprehensively the effects of functional compression tights on perceived fatigability, muscle activity, and electroencephalographic (EEG) responses.MethodsTwenty healthy young adults performed squat tasks under two conditions (with and without functional compression tights) using a crossover design. Muscle activity was measured using surface electromyography (EMG) of the five thigh muscles to calculate the root mean square (RMS) and mean frequency (MF). EEG activity was recorded in the Fp1, Fp2, and Fz regions, and power change rates in the alpha, beta, and theta bands were calculated. Perceived fatigability was assessed using a numerical rating scale. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used for between-condition comparisons, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were calculated to examine the comprehensive relationships among perceived fatigability, muscle activity, and EEG activity.ResultsWearing tights significantly reduced perceived fatigability (p = 0.003) and RMS of the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) (p = 0.041). Although not statistically significant (p = 0.054), the moderate effect size suggests a stabilizing effect of functional compression tights on frontal EEG activity. Under the condition with functional compression tights, the RMS of the RF positively correlated with perceived fatigability (ρ = 0.53), while MF showed a negative correlation (ρ = –0.70). Positive correlations were also observed between perceived fatigability and the alpha/theta powers at Fp2 and alpha power at Fz.DiscussionWearing functional compression tights may alleviate motor and cognitive performance fatigability by stabilizing muscle and frontal brain activity. These findings support its utility in managing motor and cognitive fatigability during physical activity.

研究目的：功能性压力紧身裤（functional compression tights）被广泛应用于辅助肌肉活动、促进血液循环及缓解疲劳，而疲劳涵盖运动表现疲劳、认知表现疲劳与主观疲劳感。既往研究已报道其对运动表现疲劳的影响，但关于其对认知表现疲劳或脑活动的作用却鲜为人知。本研究旨在定量且全面地评估功能性压力紧身裤对主观疲劳感、肌肉活动以及脑电图（electroencephalographic, EEG）反应的影响。

研究方法：本研究采用交叉设计，招募20名健康青年受试者，让其在穿着与不穿着功能性压力紧身裤两种条件下完成深蹲任务。通过表面肌电图（surface electromyography, EMG）采集5块大腿肌肉的活动信号，计算其均方根（root mean square, RMS）与平均功率频率（mean frequency, MF）。在Fp1、Fp2及Fz脑区记录脑电图活动，并计算α、β、θ频段的功率变化率。采用数字评定量表评估主观疲劳感。组间比较采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验，同时计算Spearman秩相关系数，以探究主观疲劳感、肌肉活动与脑电图活动之间的综合关联。

研究结果：穿着紧身裤可显著降低受试者的主观疲劳感（p=0.003）以及股内侧斜肌（vastus medialis obliquus, VMO）的肌电均方根值（p=0.041）。尽管未达到统计学显著性标准（p=0.054），但中等效应量提示功能性压力紧身裤对额叶脑电图活动具有稳定作用。在穿着功能性压力紧身裤的条件下，股直肌（rectus femoris, RF）的肌电均方根值与主观疲劳感呈正相关（ρ=0.53），而平均功率频率则呈负相关（ρ=-0.70）。此外，主观疲劳感与Fp2脑区的α/θ频段功率以及Fz脑区的α频段功率同样呈正相关。

讨论：穿着功能性压力紧身裤或可通过稳定肌肉与额叶脑活动，缓解运动与认知表现疲劳。本研究结果支持其在体力活动过程中用于改善运动与认知疲劳的应用价值。