Bioarchaeological study of the Los Tres Cerros site 1 (Upper Delta of the Paraná River, Entre Ríos, Argentina)

Abstract: In this paper we present the results from bioarchaeological studies of human skeletal remains recovered at Los Tres Cerros 1 site (Victoria department, Entre Ríos, Argentina), an anthropogenic mound occupied between 1227 and 560 years BP by hunter-gatherer-fishers and horticulturist societies, ascribed to the archaeological entity Goya-Malabrigo. Bioarchaeological studies focused on determining the age and sex structure of the sample and on osseous lesions and the analysis of mortuary practices. Results show that 16 individuals of different age groups and both sexes were buried at the site. Variations in the treatment of the dead include primary and secondary burials and scattered bone remains. Some bones show signs of thermal alterations and ochre on their surface. Evidence presented here is discussed at a regional scale relative to other sites ascribed to the Goya-Malabrigo cultural entity in the Paraná Delta, with human skeletons.

摘要：本文报道了阿根廷恩特雷里奥斯省维多利亚地区洛斯特雷塞罗斯1号（Los Tres Cerros 1）遗址出土的人类骨骼遗存的生物考古学研究成果。该遗址属于人工堆筑土丘，在距今1227至560年期间，先后为狩猎采集-捕鱼社会与园艺农耕社会所占据，其文化归属为戈亚-马拉布里戈（Goya-Malabrigo）考古学文化实体。

本次生物考古研究旨在确定样本的年龄与性别结构、分析骨骼病变情况，并对丧葬行为展开研究。结果显示，该遗址共埋葬了16名分属不同年龄段、不同性别的个体。死者的处理方式存在多样差异，包括一次葬、二次葬以及零散的骨骼遗存。部分骨骼表面可见热变质痕迹，且附着有赭石。

本文所呈现的研究证据，将结合巴拉那河三角洲（Paraná Delta）地区其他出土人类骨骼、归属戈亚-马拉布里戈文化实体的遗址，开展区域性对比探讨。