Involvement of companions in patient safety in pediatric and neonatal units: scope review

ABSTRACT Objectives: to describe scientific evidence on the involvement of companions in patient safety, from their own perspective and health professionals’ perspective in neonatal and pediatric units. Methods: scoping review carried out according to The Joanna Briggs Institute’s recommendations, in eight databases, following the Preferred Reporting Items checklist for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist, between 2011 and 2021. Results: the 13 studies included highlighted the importance of companions’ involvement in patient safety and the prevention of adverse events. However, they pointed out failures in communication and weakness in the training of professionals, which were obstacles to their involvement. The strengthening of health education, multidisciplinary rounds and educational technologies were highlighted as strategies to expand the involvement of companions. Final Considerations: this study directs elements for health professionals and managers to rethink the companions’ role in patient safety and development of collective strategies.

摘要
研究目的：本研究旨在从陪护人员与新生儿及儿科病房医护人员的双视角，系统阐述陪护人员参与患者安全相关的科学证据。
研究方法：本研究于2011年至2021年间，遵循乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（Joanna Briggs Institute）发布的指南，在8个数据库中开展范围综述（scoping review），并严格遵循《系统评价与元分析范围综述优先报告条目》（Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews）的要求进行报告撰写。
研究结果：最终纳入的13项研究均证实，陪护人员参与患者安全工作与不良事件预防具有重要意义。但研究同时指出，沟通渠道不畅与医护人员培训不足是阻碍陪护人员深度参与患者安全的关键障碍。此外，强化健康教育、推行多学科查房（multidisciplinary rounds）以及应用教育技术（educational technologies）被视为拓展陪护人员参与路径的可行策略。
最终结论：本研究为医护人员与医疗机构管理者重新审视陪护人员在患者安全保障及集体策略制定中的角色提供了重要参考依据。