Data_Sheet_4_Mapping and QTL Analysis of Gynoecy and Earliness in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) Using Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) Technology.DOCX

A high-density, high-resolution genetic map was constructed for bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). A total of 2013 high quality SNP markers binned to 20 linkage groups (LG) spanning a cumulative distance of 2329.2 cM were developed. Each LG ranging from 185.2 cM (LG-12) to 46.2 cM (LG-17) and average LG span of 116.46 cM. The number of SNP markers mapped in each LG varied from 23 markers in LG-20 to 146 markers in LG-1 with an average of 100.65 SNPs per LG. The average distance between markers was 1.16 cM across 20 LGs and average distance between the markers ranged from 0.70 (LG-4) to 2.92 (LG-20). A total of 22 QTLs for four traits (gynoecy, sex ratio, node and days at first female flower appearance) were identified and mapped on 20 LGs. The gynoecious (gy-1) locus is flanked by markers TP_54865 and TP_54890 on LG 12 at a distance of 3.04 cM to TP_54890 and the major QTLs identified for the earliness traits will be extremely useful in marker development and MAS for rapid development of various gynoecious lines with different genetic background of best combiner for development of early and high yielding hybrids in bitter gourd.

本研究构建了苦瓜（Momordica charantia L.）高密度高分辨率遗传图谱。共开发得到2013个高质量单核苷酸多态性（Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, SNP）标记，这些标记被聚类分箱至20个连锁群（linkage group, LG），总图距累计达2329.2厘摩（centimorgan, cM）。各连锁群的图距跨度范围为46.2 cM（LG-17）至185.2 cM（LG-12），平均每个连锁群的图距为116.46 cM。每个连锁群上定位的SNP标记数量从LG-20的23个至LG-1的146个不等，平均每个连锁群包含100.65个SNP标记。20个连锁群的标记间平均间距为1.16 cM，标记间距的范围为0.70 cM（LG-4）至2.92 cM（LG-20）。本研究共鉴定并定位了分布于20个连锁群上、与4个性状相关的22个数量性状位点（Quantitative Trait Locus, QTL），涉及性状包括全雌性、性比、第一雌花着生节位及第一雌花开花天数。LG 12上的全雌基因座（gy-1）位于标记TP_54865与TP_54890之间，距离TP_54890为3.04 cM。本研究鉴定得到的早熟性状主效QTL，可广泛应用于标记开发及分子标记辅助选择（Marker-Assisted Selection, MAS），用于快速创制具有不同优良配合力遗传背景的全雌苦瓜品系，进而培育早熟、高产的苦瓜杂交品种。