Table_3_Bioinformatic Study of Transcriptome Changes in the Mice Lumbar Spinal Cord After the 30-Day Spaceflight and Subsequent 7-Day Readaptation on Earth: New Insights Into Molecular Mechanisms of the Hypogravity Motor Syndrome.xlsx

The hypogravity motor syndrome (HMS) is one of the deleterious impacts of weightlessness on the human body in orbital space missions. There is a hypothesis that disorders of musculoskeletal system as part of HMS arise in consequence of changes in spinal motor neurons. The study was aimed at bioinformatic analysis of transcriptome changes in lumbar spinal cords of mice after a 30-day spaceflight aboard biosatellite Bion-M1 (space group, S) and subsequent 7-day readaptation to the Earth’s gravity (recovery group, R) when compared with control mice (C group) housed in simulated biosatellite conditions on the Earth. Gene ontology and human phenotype ontology databases were used to detect biological processes, molecular functions, cellular components, and human phenotypes associated with HMS. Our results suggest resemblance of molecular changes developing in space orbit and during the postflight recovery to terrestrial neuromuscular disorders. Remarkably, more prominent transcriptome changes were revealed in R vs. S and R vs. C comparisons that are possibly related to the 7-day recovery period in the Earth’s gravity condition. These data may assist with establishment of HMS pathogenesis and proposing effective preventive and therapeutic options.

低重力运动综合征（hypogravity motor syndrome, HMS）是轨道太空任务中失重对人体产生的有害影响之一。有假说提出，作为HMS组成部分的肌肉骨骼系统紊乱，源于脊髓运动神经元的变化。本研究旨在对三组小鼠的腰脊髓转录组变化进行生物信息学分析：分别为搭乘生物卫星Bion-M1完成30天太空飞行的太空组（S组）、随后在地球重力环境中接受7天重力适应性恢复的恢复组（R组），以及饲养于地球模拟生物卫星环境的对照组（C组）。本研究采用基因本体论（Gene Ontology, GO）与人类表型本体论（Human Phenotype Ontology, HPO）数据库，以筛选与HMS相关的生物过程、分子功能、细胞组分及人类表型。结果显示，太空轨道飞行阶段及飞行后恢复阶段所出现的分子变化，与地面神经肌肉疾病存在相似性。值得注意的是，相较于S组与C组的对比，R组分别与S组、C组的对比中呈现出更为显著的转录组变化，这一现象可能与小鼠在地球重力环境下的7天恢复期有关。本研究数据可为阐明HMS的发病机制及提出有效的预防与治疗策略提供参考。