Data from: Molecular data and ploidal levels indicate several putative allopolyploidization events in the genus Potentilla (Rosaceae)

Several naturally occurring hybrids in Potentilla (Rosaceae) have been reported, but no molecular evidence has so far been available to test these hypotheses of hybridization. We have compared a nuclear and a chloroplast gene tree to identify topological incongruences that may indicate hybridization events in the genus. Furthermore, the monophyly and phylogenetic position of the proposed segregated genera Argentina, Ivesia and Horkelia have been tested. The systematic signal from the two morphological characters, style- and anther shape, has also been investigated by ancestral state reconstruction, to elucidate how well these characters concur with the results of the molecular phylogenies.
Six major clades, Anserina, Alba, Fragarioides, Reptans, ivesioid and Argentea, have been identified within genus Potentilla. Horkelia, Ivesia and Horkeliella (the ivesioid clade), form a monophyletic group nested within Potentilla. Furthermore, the origin of the proposed segregated genus Argentina (the Anserina clade) is uncertain but not in conflict with a new generic status of the group. We also found style morphology to be an informative character that reflects the phylogenetic relationships within Potentilla. Five well-supported incongruences were found between the nuclear and the chloroplast phylogenies, and three of these involved polyploid taxa. However, further investigations, using low copy molecular markers, are required to infer the phylogeny of these species and to test the hypothesis of hybrid origin.

蔷薇科（Rosaceae）委陵菜属（Potentilla）中已有多例天然杂交种的报道，但迄今为止尚无分子证据可验证这些杂交起源假说。本研究通过比对核基因与叶绿体基因的系统发育树，以识别该属中可能指示杂交事件的拓扑结构不一致性。此外，本研究还对拟分离出的Argentina属、Ivesia属与Horkelia属的单系性及其系统发育位置进行了检验。同时，本研究通过祖先性状重建法，对花柱形态与花药形状这两个形态性状的系统发育信号展开分析，以阐明这些性状与分子系统发育结果的吻合程度。

研究在委陵菜属中共识别出6个主要支系，分别为Anserina、Alba、Fragarioides、Reptans、ivesioid及Argentea支系。其中Horkelia属、Ivesia属与Horkeliella属（即ivesioid支系）构成一个嵌套于委陵菜属内的单系群。此外，拟分离出的Argentina属（即Anserina支系）的起源尚不明确，但该类群获得新属地位的假说并无冲突。本研究同时发现，花柱形态是能够反映委陵菜属内系统发育关系的有效性状。

核基因与叶绿体系统发育树之间共发现5个具有较高支持度的拓扑不一致位点，其中3个涉及多倍体类群。但后续仍需利用低拷贝分子标记开展进一步研究，以推断这些物种的系统发育关系并验证其杂交起源假说。