Las colocaciones gramaticales: una tendencia a la transitivización (me entero de que?me entero que)

The present study begins by briefly illustrating why grammatical collocations do not meet a traditional definition of collocation, i.e. of two units that frequently and preferentially appear together. Next, itdiscusses the role of prepositions in grammatical collocations and questions whetherthey carry specific semantic meaning or rather function as mere links between verb and complement and should thus be considered semantically empty.Finally, it analyses the frequency of queísmo and dequeísmo with the verb enterarsein adiachronic corpus of Spanish (CORDE). Our results lead us to hypothesize that, in written language, queísmo is a consequence of a tendency of the language towards economy: in the presence of two subordinating links –a preposition and a conjunction – the preposition is droppedin order to avoid having a subordinate clause with a personal verb form. However, we could also hypothesize that the drop of the preposition before que is a consequence of the influence of other languages, such as Catalan, French, Italian and Portuguese,in the works of Spanish writers.

本研究首先简要阐明为何语法搭配（grammatical collocations）不符合传统搭配定义——即两个频繁且优先共现的单位。接着，探讨介词（prepositions）在语法搭配中的作用，并质疑其是否承载特定语义（semantic meaning），抑或仅作为动词与补语（verb and complement）间的连接纽带，因此应被视为语义空泛（semantically empty）的成分。最后，在西班牙语历时语料库（diachronic corpus）CORDE中分析动词enterarse的queísmo与dequeísmo现象的频率。研究结果使我们假设：在书面语中，queísmo是语言趋向经济性的结果——当存在两个从属连接成分（subordinating links）（介词与连词）时，介词会被省略，以避免从属分句（subordinate clause）出现人称动词形式（personal verb form）。此外，我们还推测que前介词的省略可能是西班牙语作家作品受加泰罗尼亚语、法语、意大利语及葡萄牙语等其他语言影响的结果。