Plant and animal abundance at impermeable and permeable habitats

<b>Meta-Data</b> Census: Week 5=census 1, week 6=census 2, week 7=census 8. Categorical- Corresponds to sampling week. Calendar Date: Categorical- Corresponds to the day of sampling. Campus: Categorical- Corresponds to the campus in which sample was collected at. Group_ID: Categorical- Corresponds to the code for each lab group. Consists of the lab section and group number Habitat: Categorical- The ecological habitat for the plants and animals being studied collected at a permeable and impermeable site Lat and Long: Geographical coordinates indicating the position of a precise location were given by the TA for both impermeable and permeable habitats. Latitude coordinates are for the north-south position and the longitude coordinates are for the east-west position. Continuous. Elevation: height of land above sea level in meters. Continuous. Rep: The number of times each task was replicated. Discrete. Abundance Native Plants: The number native plants observed in both habitats. Discrete Abundance Exotic Plants: The number exotic plants observed in both habitats. Discrete. Total Number of Flowers (Quadrat): The number of flowers observed within each quadrant. Discrete. Abundance Vertebrates: a transect of 50 meters was laid out and the total number of vertebrates were counted along the transect and in a 15 minute interval. The total number of vertebrates were recorded as Abundance.vertebrates. Discrete. Abundance of Invertebrates: along 5 meters of a 50 meter transect that was laid out, the total number of individual invertebrates were counted and recorded in a 15 minute interval. The variable was represented a abundance.invertebrates. Discrete. # Of vertebrate species: Again a transect of 50 meters was laid out and the total number of different species were counted and recorded along the 50 meters transect during a 15 minute interval. The variable was represented as vertebrates.species. discrete. Abundance Humans: along a 50 meter transect that was laid out, the total number of people that did not belong to the ecology lab were counted and recorded in a 15 minute interval. The variable was represented as abundance.humans. Discrete. Abundance of Woody Plants: The number of trees observed along the transect line. Discrete. Canopy cover: The percentage based on the amount of coverage the branches of the trees provided. Continuous. Ground Cover: The percentage of vegetation coverage on the ground. Continuous. Total Number of Flower (Transect): The number of flowers located on either side of the transect within a 0.5m radius. Discrete. Abundance Invertebrates Pan Traps: The number of invertebrates caught in the 6 pan traps along the transect. Data taken after 30 minutes. Discrete. Abundance Invertebrate Sweeps: The number of invertebrates caught along the transect line through the swaying of nets. Discrete. <b>Study site:</b> On October 17, 2016, an ecology lab was held at yorkU keele campus at both an impermeable and permeable site. The lab was held between 3-4:30 on a very foggy, misty, and windy day with a temperature of about 15 degrees. <b>Methods: </b> <b>-</b>2 transect tapes were used as a 50m transect line -6 different colored pan traps -Soap water -Sweep net -Quadrat <b>Hypothesis</b>: the permeable surface has more chance of life since it has the ability to have vegetation and plants in order for the species to survive as well. Whereas the impermeable surface has no ability for growth and reproduction. <b>Prediction</b>: There will be more abundance of species, plants, and vegetation in the permeable surface than the impermeable surface because the impermeable surface allows all the plans and animals necessities to pass through its surface. <br> <br><br>

**元数据（Meta-Data）普查**：第5周=普查1，第6周=普查2，第7周=普查8。
采样周：分类变量——对应采样所属周次。
日历日期：分类变量——对应采样当日日期。
校区：分类变量——对应样本采集所在的校区。
小组编号（Group_ID）：分类变量——对应每个实验小组的编码，由实验课分组及小组序号组成。
生境（Habitat）：分类变量——对应本次研究中动植物样本采集的渗透性与非渗透性生境类型。
经纬度（Lat and Long）：连续型变量——由助教（TA）提供的对应渗透性与非渗透性生境的精确地理位置坐标，其中纬度坐标代表南北方位，经度坐标代表东西方位。
海拔（Elevation）：连续型变量——陆地相对于海平面的高度，单位为米。
重复次数（Rep）：离散型变量——每项实验任务的重复执行次数。
本土植物丰度（Abundance Native Plants）：离散型变量——两类生境中观测到的本土植物总数量。
外来植物丰度（Abundance Exotic Plants）：离散型变量——两类生境中观测到的外来植物总数量。
样方内花朵总数（Total Number of Flowers (Quadrat)）：离散型变量——每个样方内观测到的花朵总数量。
脊椎动物丰度（Abundance Vertebrates）：离散型变量——沿布设完成的50米样带（transect），在15分钟内统计得到的沿线脊椎动物总数量，变量记为Abundance.vertebrates。
无脊椎动物丰度（Abundance of Invertebrates）：离散型变量——在布设完成的50米样带中选取5米区段，在15分钟内统计得到的无脊椎动物个体总数量，变量记为abundance.invertebrates。
脊椎动物物种数（# Of vertebrate species）：离散型变量——沿50米样带，在15分钟内统计得到的不同脊椎动物物种总数量，变量记为vertebrates.species。
人类活动丰度（Abundance Humans）：离散型变量——沿50米样带，在15分钟内统计得到的非本生态学实验小组的人员总数量，变量记为abundance.humans。
木本植物丰度（Abundance of Woody Plants）：离散型变量——沿样带观测到的树木总数量。
树冠盖度（Canopy cover）：连续型变量——树木枝干所提供的地面覆盖百分比。
地表植被盖度（Ground Cover）：连续型变量——地面植被的覆盖百分比。
样带周边花朵总数（Total Number of Flower (Transect)）：离散型变量——样带两侧0.5米半径范围内观测到的花朵总数量。
诱捕盘法无脊椎动物丰度（Abundance Invertebrates Pan Traps）：离散型变量——沿样带布设的6个诱捕盘（pan traps）在30分钟后捕获的无脊椎动物总数量。
扫网法无脊椎动物丰度（Abundance Invertebrate Sweeps）：离散型变量——沿样带使用扫网挥扫捕获的无脊椎动物总数量。

**研究地点**：2016年10月17日，生态学实验课于约克大学（YorkU）基尔校区（Keele Campus）的渗透性与非渗透性两类生境开展。实验时段为当日15时至16时30分，当日多雾、多霾且有风，气温约15摄氏度。

**实验方法**：
- 使用2条样带胶带布设为50米标准样带
- 设置6个不同颜色的诱捕盘（pan traps）
- 肥皂水（用于诱捕陷阱）
- 扫网
- 样方（Quadrat）

**研究假设**：渗透性地表更有利于生物生存，因其可支持植被生长，为物种提供生存资源；而非渗透性地表无法支持植被生长与物种繁衍。

**研究预测**：相较于非渗透性地表，渗透性地表将拥有更高的物种、植物及植被丰度，原因在于非渗透性地表无法为动植物提供生存所需的物质通路。