Bilateral maculopathy following electrical burn: case report

CONTEXT: Electrical burns are an important etiology in dealing with patients suffering from burns. In situations of extensive deep lesions of multiple organs and systems affecting young and economically active people, there is a need for expensive multidisciplinary treatment, with a high socioeconomic cost for the community. Among the permanent injuries that explain this high cost, eye injuries stand out, since they are widely disabling. Although rare, lesions of the posterior segment of the eye are associated with higher incidence of major sequelae, and thus deserve special attention for dissemination and discussion of the few cases observed.CASE REPORT: The authors report the case of a patient who suffered high-voltage electrical burns and presented bilateral maculopathy, which evolved with a need for a surgical approach to repair retinal detachment and permanent low visual acuity.CONCLUSION: This report highlights the rarity of the etiology of maculopathy and the need for campaigns for prevention not only of burns in general, but also especially of electrical burns.

背景：电烧伤是烧伤患者的重要致病病因。当年轻且具有经济活力的人群出现累及多器官系统的广泛深度损伤时，往往需要开展成本高昂的多学科治疗，给社会带来沉重的社会经济负担。在导致此类高额医疗成本的永久性损伤中，眼部损伤尤为突出，因其可造成广泛的功能残疾。尽管眼后段损伤较为罕见，但常伴随更高的严重后遗症发生率，因此针对此类少见病例的传播与研讨值得给予特别关注。

病例报告：本文作者报告1例高压电烧伤患者继发双侧黄斑病变的病例，该患者后续需接受手术治疗以修复视网膜脱离，并遗留永久性低视力。

结论：本病例报告凸显了此类致病因素引发黄斑病变的罕见性，并呼吁开展预防宣传工作，不仅要针对一般性烧伤，更要重点防范电烧伤。