Data for: Sex-specific transgenerational plasticity: Developmental temperatures of mothers and fathers have different effects on sons and daughters

Each parent can influence offspring phenotypes via provisioning of the zygote or sex-specific DNA methylation. Transgenerational plasticity may therefore depend on environmental conditions experienced by each parent. We tested this hypothesis by conducting a fully factorial experiment across three generations of guppies (Poecilia reticulata), determining the effects of warm (28°C) and cold (21°C) thermal backgrounds of mothers and fathers on mass and length, and thermal performance (sustained [Ucrit] and sprint swimming speeds, citrate synthase and lactate dehydrogenase activities; 18, 24, 28, 32 and 36°C test temperatures) of sons and daughters. Offspring sex was significant for all traits except for sprint speed. Warmer mothers produced sons and daughters with reduced mass and length, and warmer fathers produced shorter sons. Ucrit of male offspring was greatest when both parents were raised at 28°C, and warmer fathers produced daughters with greater Ucrit. Similarly, warmer fathers p..., ,

双亲均可通过向合子（zygote）供给营养或性别特异性DNA甲基化（DNA methylation）影响子代的表型。因此，跨代可塑性（transgenerational plasticity）可能依赖于双亲各自所经历的环境条件。我们以孔雀鱼（Poecilia reticulata）为研究对象，开展跨三代的全因子实验以验证该假说，探究双亲分别处于高温（28℃）与低温（21℃）热环境背景下，对子代雌雄个体的体重、体长以及热性能指标——包括持久游速（Ucrit）、冲刺游速、柠檬酸合酶（citrate synthase）与乳酸脱氢酶（lactate dehydrogenase）活性，且测试温度设置为18、24、28、32与36℃——的影响。除冲刺游速外，子代性别对所有其余性状均存在显著影响。高温饲养的母鱼所产子代（无论雌雄）的体重与体长均有所降低，而高温饲养的父本所产雄性子代体长更短。当双亲均饲养于28℃环境时，雄性子代的临界游速（Ucrit）达到最高；而高温饲养的父本所产雌性子代临界游速更高。与之类似，高温饲养的父本……