Data from: A review of riverine ecosystem service quantification: research gaps and recommendations

1.Increasing demand for benefits provided by riverine ecosystems threatens their sustainable provision. The ecosystem service concept is a promising avenue to inform riverine ecosystem management, but several challenges have prevented the application of this concept.

2.We quantitatively assess the field of riverine ecosystem services’ progress in meeting these challenges. We highlight conceptual and methodological gaps, which have impeded integration of the ecosystem service concept into management.

3.Across 89 relevant studies, 33 unique riverine ecosystem services were evaluated, for a total of 404 ecosystem service quantifications. Studies quantified between one and 23 ecosystem services, although the majority (55%) evaluated three or less. Among studies that quantified more than one service, 58% assessed interactions between services. Most studies (71%) did not include stakeholders in their quantification protocols, and 34% developed future scenarios of ecosystem service provision. Almost half (45%) conducted monetary valuation, using 16 methods. Only 9% did not quantify or discuss uncertainties associated with service quantification. The indicators and methods used to quantify the same type of ecosystem service varied. Only 3% of services used indicators of capacity, flow, and demand in concert.

4.Our results suggest indicators, data sources, and methods for quantifying riverine ecosystem services should be more clearly defined and accurately represent the service they intend to quantify. Furthermore, more assessments of multiple services across diverse spatial extents and of riverine service interactions are needed, with better inclusion of stakeholders. Addressing these challenges will help riverine ecosystem service science inform river management.

5.Synthesis and applications. The ecosystem service concept has great potential to inform riverine ecosystem management and decision making processes. However, this review of riverine ecosystem service quantification uncovers several remaining research gaps, impeding effective use of this tool to manage riverine ecosystems. We highlight these gaps and point to studies showcasing methods that can be used to address them.

1. 河流生态系统（riverine ecosystems）所提供的服务需求持续攀升，正威胁其可持续供给能力。生态系统服务（ecosystem service）理念为河流生态系统管理提供了极具前景的指导路径，但诸多挑战阻碍了该理念的实际落地应用。
2. 本研究定量评估了河流生态系统服务领域在应对上述挑战方面的研究进展，点明了阻碍生态系统服务理念融入管理实践的概念与方法层面的研究空白。
3. 本次综述共纳入89项相关研究，共评估了33种独特的河流生态系统服务，累计完成404项生态系统服务量化工作。单项研究量化的生态系统服务数量介于1至23种之间，其中多数（55%）的研究仅评估了3种及以下的服务。在量化多种服务的研究中，58%的研究对服务间的相互作用开展了分析。绝大多数研究（71%）未将利益相关者（stakeholders）纳入其量化方案，仅有34%的研究构建了生态系统服务供给的未来情景。近半数（45%）的研究采用16种不同方法开展货币价值评估。仅9%的研究未对服务量化相关的不确定性进行量化或讨论。用于量化同类生态系统服务的指标与方法存在显著差异，仅有3%的服务同时采用了承载力、流量与需求三类指标开展协同评估。
4. 本研究结果表明，河流生态系统服务的量化指标、数据源与方法应得到更清晰的界定，并需精准匹配其拟量化的服务类型。此外，未来亟需在更多样的空间尺度上开展多服务评估，加强对河流服务相互作用的研究，并更好地吸纳利益相关者参与。解决上述挑战将有助于推动河流生态系统服务研究为河流管理提供科学支撑。
5. 综合与应用。生态系统服务理念在河流生态系统管理与决策制定过程中具备巨大应用潜力。然而，本次针对河流生态系统服务量化的综述研究仍发现了诸多尚未解决的研究空白，阻碍了该工具在河流生态系统管理中的有效应用。本研究点明了这些研究空白，并梳理了可用于解决这些问题的相关研究方法。