Flora of Ceará, Brazil: Rhamnaceae

Abstract We present the floristic-taxonomic and distribution survey of the family Rhamnaceae as part of the “Flora of Ceará: knowing to conserve” project. The survey was based on the analysis of morphological characters of specimens gathered during field expeditions and from herbaria collections, as well as the specialized literature. Rhamnaceae is represented by ten species in Ceará State belonging to five genera: Colubrina (2), Crumenaria (1), Gouania (3), Rhamnidium (1), and Sarcomphalus (3). The species were encountered in various phytophysiognomies, but especially occur in Seasonal Semideciduous Forests (Mata Seca) and the Coastal Zone Vegetation Complex (Lowland Semideciduous Forest). The species with the highest number of records was Sarcomphalus joazeiro, occurring in 62 municipalities. Seven species were encountered in 14 legally protected conservation areas in Ceará. Colubrina cordifolia, Rhamnidium molle, and Crumenaria decumbens occur exclusively in the Caatinga domain, with the first two being endemic to northeastern Brazil. Identification keys, morphological descriptions, comments on distributions, ecology, phenology, and uses of the species are provided, as well as maps and illustrations.

摘要 本研究作为《塞阿拉植物志：认知以保护》（Flora of Ceará: knowing to conserve）项目的组成部分，开展了塞阿拉州鼠李科（Rhamnaceae）的区系分类与分布调查。本次调查依托野外考察采集的标本、馆藏标本的形态性状分析，结合相关专业文献完成。塞阿拉州的鼠李科共计10种，隶属于5个属：滨枣属（Colubrina）2种、扁柄枣属（Crumenaria）1种、勾儿茶属（Gouania）3种、裸芽枣属（Rhamnidium）1种以及沙棘枣属（Sarcomphalus）3种。该科物种见于多种植被群落类型，其中尤以季节性半落叶林（当地称Mata Seca，即旱林）与海岸带植被复合体（低地半落叶林）分布最为集中。记录数量最多的物种为沙棘枣（Sarcomphalus joazeiro），其分布范围覆盖62个市镇。塞阿拉州的14处法定保护地中共记录到7个鼠李科物种。心叶滨枣（Colubrina cordifolia）、软裸芽枣（Rhamnidium molle）以及铺地扁柄枣（Crumenaria decumbens）仅分布于卡廷加（Caatinga）植被区，其中前两个物种为巴西东北部特有种。本研究还提供了该科物种的分种检索表、形态描述、分布与生态习性、物候期及用途的相关注释，同时附有物种分布图与插图。