Parkes observations for project P1050 semester 2023OCTS_07

This is a request for the observation time for the timing campaign of new pulsars discovered in the reprocessing of the low-latitude Galactic plane section of the HTRU-S survey (HTRU-S LowLat) and the Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey (PMPS). We have completed 90 % of the HTRU-S LowLat survey and completed zero acceleration PMPS search with GPU-based coherent acceleration search, template bank, and fast folding algorithm pipelines and now have discovered 112 previously unknown pulsars among which 18 were found in the PMPS. Interesting science can usually only be derived from a new pulsar after confirmation, and a follow-up timing campaign is carried out. At least 1-2 year of initial timing is the minimum timespan required to fully characterise any newly-discovered pulsars, essential for deriving pulsar parameters such as the characteristic age, magnetic field strength, and spin-down rate, as well as for detecting any unexpected behaviour of the pulsar which might result from emission instabilities. This project is necessary for the timing of several interesting pulsars, including binary pulsars, high DM pulsars, scattered profile pulsars, and bright ones that show emissions in larger bandwidths in the UWL band. Apart from this, finding the nature of a unique binary pulsar system via a dedicated observing campaign is also another goal. The follow-up timing in semester 2023OCTS will assist in completing many exciting large-term science goals.

本申请旨在为HTRU-S巡天（HTRU-S Survey）银道面低纬度区域（HTRU-S LowLat）的再处理工作，以及帕克斯多波束脉冲星巡天（Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey，PMPS）中发现的新脉冲星的计时观测项目申请观测时长。目前我们已完成HTRU-S LowLat巡天90%的观测数据处理工作，并基于图形处理器（Graphics Processing Unit，GPU）的相干加速搜索、模板库与快速折叠算法流水线，完成了PMPS巡天的零加速度搜寻任务，现已发现112颗此前未知的脉冲星，其中18颗来自PMPS巡天。通常而言，新发现的脉冲星仅在得到确认并开展后续计时观测后，才能产出具有科学价值的研究成果。对新发现的脉冲星开展至少1至2年的初始计时观测，是完整表征其物理特性的最低时长要求——这一环节对于获取脉冲星特征年龄、磁场强度、自转减速速率等关键参数，以及探测由辐射不稳定性引发的脉冲星异常行为均至关重要。本项目将针对多类极具科研价值的脉冲星开展计时观测，包括双星脉冲星、高色散量（Dispersion Measure，DM）脉冲星、轮廓展宽脉冲星，以及在UWL波段具备宽带辐射特性的亮脉冲星。此外，通过针对性观测项目解析一类特殊双星脉冲星系统的本质，亦是本项目的另一核心目标。本项目安排在2023年10月观测学期开展的后续计时观测，将助力诸多振奋人心的长期科学目标的完成。