Hellenic Trench AIS data

The Mediterranean sperm whale population is listed as ‘Endangered”. The Hellenic Trench is the core habitat of the eastern Mediterranean sperm whale sub-population that numbers two to three hundred individuals. Major shipping routes running on or very close to the 1000 m depth contour along the Hellenic Trench are causing an unsustainable number of ship-strikes with sperm whales reviewed in this paper. Sperm whale sighting and density data were combined with specific information on the vessel traffic in the area (e.g., types of vessels, traffic patterns, speed and traffic density), in order to estimate the risk of a whale/ship interaction. Routing options to significantly reduce ship strike risk by a small offshore shift in shipping routes were identified. The overall collision risk for sperm whales in the study area would be reduced by around 70%, while a maximum of 11 nautical miles would be added to major routes and only around 5 nautical miles for the majority of ships. No negative impacts were associated with re-routing by shipping away from sperm whale habitat and there would be additional shipping safety and environmental benefits. A significant contribution to the overall conservation status of the marine Natura2000 sites in the area and very important population units of threatened species such as Cuvier’s beaked whales, monk seals and loggerhead turtles would be achieved, by the reduction of shipping noise and reduced risk of any oil spills reaching the coasts, which are also important touristic destinations in Greece. CSV file contains the following headings : - MMSI Maritime Mobile Service Identity - SHIPTYPE Type of vessel - STATUS NavigationalStatus - SPEED Speed over ground (knots * 10) - COURSE Course over ground - HEADING Heading - LON Longitude - LAT Latitude - TIMESTAMP_UTC Date and Time - STATION Satellite or Terrestrial

地中海抹香鲸种群被列为“濒危”。希腊海沟（Hellenic Trench）是东地中海抹香鲸亚种群的核心栖息地，该亚种群现存200至300头个体。沿希腊海沟、紧邻1000米等深线航行的主要航运航线，正造成本论文所综述的、数量难以承受的抹香鲸船舶碰撞事故。研究人员将抹香鲸目击记录与种群密度数据，结合该区域船舶交通的具体信息（如船舶类型、交通模式、航速与交通流量密度），以估算鲸类与船舶发生交互的风险。研究团队确定了通过将航运航线小幅外移，即可显著降低船舶碰撞风险的优化方案。研究区域内抹香鲸的总体碰撞风险可降低约70%，而主要航线仅需增加最多11海里的航程，多数船舶的额外航程仅约5海里。将航运航线远离抹香鲸栖息地的改道方案不会产生负面影响，同时还可额外提升航运安全性并带来环境效益。通过降低航运噪声以及减少溢油抵达海岸的风险，该改道方案可显著改善该区域海洋Natura2000保护地的整体保护状况，并惠及库维喙鲸、地中海僧海豹与蠵龟等濒危物种的重要种群单元——上述区域同时也是希腊的重要旅游目的地。本数据集的CSV文件包含以下表头：
- MMSI：海上移动业务识别码（Maritime Mobile Service Identity）
- SHIPTYPE：船舶类型
- STATUS：航行状态
- SPEED：地面航速（节×10）
- COURSE：地面航向
- HEADING：船舶艏向
- LON：经度
- LAT：纬度
- TIMESTAMP_UTC：协调世界时日期与时间
- STATION：卫星或地面基站