Beyond Code, We Are People: A 25-Year Systematic Literature Review on Soft Skills in Agile Information Systems Development

Context: Career development in computing depends on competencies that prepare professionals for industry challenges. Among these competencies, intrapersonal and interpersonal skills, or soft skills, stand out, encompassing social, emotional, and communicational dimensions. They are critical for team performance and project success, especially in dynamic and complex software environments. Problem: Despite recognition of their importance, there is a need for a consolidated mapping of the most relevant soft skills for computing professionals over the past 25 years, a period in which agile methodologies emerged and have been widely adapted to the market. This gap limits the integration of human and technical aspects in system development and hinders the design of curricula aligned with industry needs. Solution: This study conducts a 25-year systematic review of soft skills in computing professionals, identifying, categorizing, and analyzing competencies across different professional roles and team contexts. IS Theory: Socio-Technical Theory is employed to examine the interdependent relationship between social and technical aspects, showing how these interactions affect organizational performance and system effectiveness. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted, analyzing 73 studies published between 2000 and May 2025 in the main databases. In total, 33 soft skills were identified across 14 roles within the development team. Results: Recurring competencies such as communication, adaptability, teamwork, and leadership were identified. Data analysis highlights which agile methodologies are most frequently used and the main roles examined in the literature. Contributions and Impact to IS area: This study strengthens the socio-technical approach in Information Systems, emphasizing the integration of human and technical competencies in curricula and professional practice. Findings highlight the need to consider social factors and systemic inequalities when designing IT environments, supporting the preparation of collaborative, innovative, and effective computing professionals.