Ants of the State of Pará, Brazil: a historical and comprehensive dataset of a key biodiversity hotspot in the Amazon Basin

The state of Pará in northern Brazil is located entirely within the Amazon Basin and harbors a great diversity of landscape and vegetation types that support high levels of biodiversity. Here, we provide a comprehensive inventory of ant species and their distribution in Pará. This regional list is based on an extensive review of species records from published and unpublished sources covering a period of 134 years (1886–2020) and includes the five most representative ant collections in Brazil. In total, we documented 12 subfamilies, 90 genera and 753 ant species, including 97 species recorded for the first time in Pará and 12 species newly reported in Brazil. Sampling effort across the state is highly uneven, and most records may be associated with research areas near the state capital, mining areas, hydroelectric dams, and research field stations run by the state or universities. In addition, our results suggest a strong bias in ant collection in Pará in terms of proximity of sampled si...

巴西北部的帕拉州（Pará）全境均位于亚马孙盆地（Amazon Basin）内，孕育着极为多样的景观与植被类型，支撑着高水平的生物多样性。本研究针对帕拉州的蚂蚁物种及其分布情况提供了一份全面的名录。该区域名录基于对1886年至2020年（共计134年）的已发表与未发表物种记录的系统性梳理，纳入了巴西境内5个最具代表性的蚂蚁标本馆藏。本次调查共记录到12个亚科、90个属以及753种蚂蚁，其中包含97种首次在帕拉州被记录的物种，以及12种巴西境内新报道的物种。该州境内的采样努力程度极不均衡，多数记录均集中于州首府周边的研究区域、矿区、水电站大坝，以及由州政府或高校运营的野外研究站点。此外，研究结果显示，帕拉州的蚂蚁标本采集存在显著偏差，体现在采样点的……