COMPATIBILITY OF NEUTRAL DETERGENT WITH THE ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE (METSCH.) SOROK.

ABSTRACT Entomopathogenic fungi have been widely used in pests control. The main diluent for its application in the field is water, and due to its hydrophobic character, its dispersion in the environment is complicated. Several products may be mixed to the sprays, allowing the dissolution and the dispersion of the fungus in the spray. Yet, some of these products may influence in the viability, sporulation or even in its genetic composition, changing its virulence. This paper aimed to evaluate the effect of a neutral detergent about the viability of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. Three different concentrations of a neutral detergent (Ipê®) were used: 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03% and an adhesive spreader (Tween 80) was used in the control. The percentage of conidia germination, the number of colony forming units (CFU), vegetative growth and the number of produced conidia were evaluated. There was no effect of the different concentrations of the neutral detergent on the germination. All detergent concentrations affected negatively in the vegetative growth of the fungus. Only the detergent at 0.01% of concentration did not affect the CFU number and the conidia production of the fungus. So, this is the only concentration classified as compatible for M. anisopliae, which may be recommended to promote the conidia dispersion of this fungus species in water.

【摘要】昆虫病原真菌已被广泛应用于害虫防治领域。其田间应用的主要稀释剂为水，但由于该类真菌具有疏水特性，其在环境中的分散过程较为复杂。可向喷雾液中复配多种助剂，以促进真菌在喷雾体系中的溶解与分散，但部分助剂可能会对真菌的活力、产孢能力乃至遗传组成产生影响，进而改变其毒力。本研究旨在评估中性洗涤剂对昆虫病原真菌绿僵菌（Metarhizium anisopliae）活力的影响。实验设置了0.01%、0.02%、0.03%三种不同浓度的中性洗涤剂（Ipê®），并以铺展剂吐温80（Tween 80）作为对照。本研究检测的指标包括分生孢子萌发率、菌落形成单位（CFU）数量、营养生长情况以及产孢量。结果显示，不同浓度的中性洗涤剂对分生孢子萌发率无显著影响；所有测试浓度的中性洗涤剂均对该真菌的营养生长产生了负面作用；仅0.01%浓度的中性洗涤剂未对菌落形成单位数量及产孢量造成显著影响。因此，该浓度是唯一被认定与绿僵菌兼容的助剂，可推荐用于促进该真菌分生孢子在水中的分散。