ODP Site 1249, ODP Site 1252, and IODP Site U1325: X-ray fluoresence core scanning, laser diffraction grain size, CNS elemental/isotopic, environmental magnetism, and age model data

We present data used as part of an integrative early diagenesis study (submitted September 2022 to Marine Geology) focused on identifying zones of magnetite dissolution and pyrite precipitation in which magnetic susceptibility records are altered in gas-hydrate bearing sediments on the Cascadia Margin using archived cores from the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) and Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP). We analyzed the upper 85 to 100 m below seafloor (mbsf) from ODP Sites 1249 and 1252, and IODP Site U1325. ODP 1249 is at the summit of Hydrate Ridge in an area of active methane seepage and massive gas hydrate accumulations and ODP 1252 is in a nearby slope basin with little occurrence of hydrate. IODP Site U1325 is on the northern Cascadia Margin in a slope basin, with turbidite-hosted gas hydrate. We also include XRF data from the upper sections of ODP Site 1251, IODP U1327, and U1328.

We measured X-ray fluorescence using an Avaatech core scanner at the IODP Gulf Coast Repository at Texas A&M University. We measured total carbon, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen, and total sulfur using a Perkin Elmer 2400 Series CHNS/O Analyzer at the university of New Hampshire (ODP Site 1249 and 1252 only). A subset was analyzed for δ13C-TOC using a Costech ECS 4010 elemental analyzer interfaced with a Thermo Finnegan Delta Plus XP continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometer at Washington State University. Grain size was measured with a Malvern Mastersizer 2000 laser diffraction particle size analyzer and Hydro 2000G dispersal unit at the University of New Hampshire. Mass frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility was measured using a Bartington MS2 Magnetic Susceptibility Meter and Bartington MS2B dual frequency sensor (Site U1325 only). Isothermal remanent magnetization and thermal demagnetization curves were measured using a HSM2 SQUID-based Spinner Magnetometer with an ASC Scientific IM-10-30 Impulse Magnetizer and ASC Scientific TD-48SC magnetically-shielded oven (Site U1325 only). Radiocarbon was measured on mixed planktic foraminifers at the Radiocarbon was measured at National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (NOSAMS) facility at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (ODP Site 1252 and IODP Site U1325).. Radiocarbon ages were calibrated to calendar ages using CALIB 8.2 and the Marine20 calibration curve. For ODP Site 1252 we used a reservoir correction of 230 ± 50 years (Yaquina Bay, Oregon, USA) and for IODP Site U1325 we used a reservoir correction of 202 ± 50 years (Amphitrite Point, British Columbia, Canada).  δ18O was measured on benthic foraminifer Uvigerina peregrina tests using a Finnegan MAT 252 isotope ratio mass spectrometer with Kiel III device at the Oregon State University Stable Isotope Laboratory (ODP 1252) and a Finnegan MAT 253 isotope ratio mass spectrometer with Kiel IV device at the University of Michigan Stable Isotope Laboratory (ODP Site 1249 and IODP Site U1325).