Clonal evaluation of new ornamental pineapple hybrids to use as cut flowers

ABSTRACT. Embrapa Cassava and Fruits has developed ornamental pineapple hybrids for several categories of ornamental use including cut flowers, potted plants and landscaping. The objective of this study was to carry out a clonal evaluation of two ornamental hybrids using quantitative and qualitative morphological descriptors to recommend these hybrids as new ornamental pineapple cultivars. Twenty plants of each hybrid (PL01 and PL04) were evaluated regarding the response to floral induction as well as the stability and homogeneity of the clones in two production cycles. The descriptive statistics were calculated and analyzed to determine the genetic distance based on the Gower algorithm. Four groups were formed, two using parental data and the other two containing the different hybrids that were evaluated in the two growing cycles. In the floral evaluation, the time from field planting to harvest of the stem as a cut flower was determined to be as long as 17 months in the first cycle and 13.5 months in the second cycle for both hybrids. They were characterized as a novelty in the flower market; they showed genetic stability and homogeneity and can be recommended as new cultivars of ornamental pineapple because they exhibit satisfactory quality and meet the market requirements.

摘要。巴西农牧业研究公司木薯与水果研究所（Embrapa Cassava and Fruits）已培育出适用于切花、盆栽及园林绿化等多类观赏用途的观赏凤梨杂交品种。本研究旨在通过定量与定性形态学描述子，对两个观赏凤梨杂交品种开展克隆评价，以推荐其作为新型观赏凤梨栽培品种。本研究针对两个杂交品种（PL01与PL04）各20株植株，评估其对开花诱导的响应，以及两个生产周期内克隆株的稳定性与均一性。通过计算并分析描述性统计量，基于高氏（Gower）算法开展遗传距离分析，最终划分出四个类群：其中两个类群采用亲本数据，另外两个类群涵盖两个生产周期中评估的不同杂交品种。开花性状评估结果显示，两个杂交品种从田间定植至切花茎秆采收的时长，首个生产周期长达17个月，第二生产周期则为13.5个月。这两个杂交品种具备花卉市场的新颖性，同时表现出优异的遗传稳定性与均一性，且综合品质达标、契合市场需求，因此可被推荐为新型观赏凤梨栽培品种。