Care for frail older adults in the community: an integrative review

Abstract Objective: to identify scientific evidence regarding the care of frail older adults in the community, from the perspective of the older adults themselves. Method: a descriptive, integrative review study was performed. The search for articles was carried out in the Medline, Lilacs, Web of Science, Scopus and SciELO databases. The inclusion criteria were complete available articles; published between 2014 and 2019; written in Portuguese, English, Spanish or French; which had older adults as participants. Results: four categories of analysis emerged from the results: frailty from the perspective of frail older adults; priorities from the perspective of the older adults; the older adults’ perspectives on care by services; and interpersonal relationships in the care of frail older adults. The perception of the older adults has specific characteristics, has maintaining their independence as a focus of care, signals the need to maintain interpersonal relationships, improve communication, and for actions of health education and people-centered services. Conclusion: these points demand the attention of care providers and policy services to improve care delivery and provide actions that are welcomed by this public.

摘要
研究目的：从衰弱老年人（frail older adults）自身视角出发，识别社区衰弱老年人照护领域的科学证据。
研究方法：本研究采用描述性整合综述的研究设计。文献检索在MEDLINE、Lilacs、Web of Science、Scopus及SciELO数据库中开展。纳入标准为：可获取完整全文的文献，发表于2014年至2019年期间，以葡萄牙语、英语、西班牙语或法语撰写，且以老年人群作为研究参与者。
研究结果：研究结果最终提炼出四类分析范畴：其一为衰弱老年人自身视角下的衰弱认知；其二为老年群体视角下的照护优先级；其三为老年群体对专业服务照护的看法；其四为衰弱老年人照护过程中的人际关系。老年群体的照护感知具有独特特征，其将维持自身独立性作为照护核心目标，同时提出需维系人际关系、优化沟通，并开展健康教育及以服务对象为中心的照护服务相关工作。
研究结论：上述研究发现亟需照护服务提供者与政策服务机构予以重视，以优化照护服务供给，并推出契合该老年群体需求的相关举措。