Dataset with the variables analyzed in the study: "Perception of affordances in female volleyball players: serving short versus serving to the sideline"

Purpose: We investigated youth volleyball players’ perception of affordances for different types of serves. Method: Participants were separated into Less Experienced (n = 13, maximum of three years of competitive volleyball experience) and More Experienced (n = 11, minimum of four years of competitive volleyball experience) groups. In the Sideline Condition, participants were asked to report the narrowest gap, relative to either the left or right sideline, into which they could serve the ball. In the Short Condition, participants were asked to report the narrowest gap, relative to the net, into which they could serve the ball. Participants then attempted to serve into their reported gaps. Results: As expected, reported serveable gaps were larger for the Short Serve condition (M = 3.66 m, SD = 0.67 m) than for the Sideline Serve condition (M = 1.93 m, SD = 0.71 m), F(1, 22) = 80.45, p .001, partial η2= 0.79. The proportion of successful serves was greater for the More Experienced group than for the Less Experienced group, but a statistically significant interaction revealed that this was true only when performing sideline serves. Conclusions: Our study extends previous work to a different sport (volleyball) and to different sport-specific actions (serving the ball). The finding that perceived minimum servable gap sizes were larger for short serves than for sideline serves is consistent with differences in the constraints operating on the two types of serves in the context of game play.

研究目的：本研究旨在探究青少年排球运动员对不同发球类型的可供性(affordances)感知。
研究方法：将受试者分为经验较少组（n=13，竞技排球参赛年限不超过3年）与经验较多次组（n=11，竞技排球参赛年限不少于4年）。在边线发球情境(Sideline Condition)中，要求受试者报告相对于左侧或右侧边线而言，可将球发入的最窄间隙；在近网发球情境(Short Condition)中，则要求受试者报告相对于球网而言，可将球发入的最窄间隙。随后受试者尝试将球发入自身报告的间隙范围。
研究结果：如预期所示，近网发球情境下受试者报告的可发球间隙均值（M=3.66m，SD=0.67m）显著大于边线发球情境（M=1.93m，SD=0.71m），F(1,22)=80.45，p<0.001，偏η²=0.79。经验较多次组的发球成功率高于经验较少组，但统计学检验显示存在显著交互效应：该优势仅存在于边线发球任务中。
研究结论：本研究将既往相关研究拓展至排球运动及排球专项动作（发球）范畴。相较于边线发球，受试者感知的最小可发球间隙在近网发球中更大，该发现与比赛场景下两种发球类型所受约束条件的差异相一致。