Data from: The function and evolution of motile DNA replication systems in ciliates

AbstractDNA replication is a ubiquitous, complex, and conserved cellular process. However, regulation of DNA replication is only understood in a small fraction of organisms that poorly represent the diversity of genetic systems in nature. Here we used a combination of computational and experimental approaches to examine the function and evolution of one such system, the replication band (RB) in spirotrich ciliates, which is a localized, motile hub that traverses the macronucleus while replicating DNA. We show that the RB can take unique physical forms in different species, ranging from polar bands to a \"replication envelope\", where replication initiates at the nuclear periphery and advances centripetally inwards. Furthermore, we identified genes involved in cellular transport, including calcium transporters and cytoskeletal regulators, that are associated with the RB and may be involved in its function and translocation. These findings reveal the complex evolution and diversity of motile DNA replication systems and raise new possibilities regarding the regulation of nuclear organization and processes., Usage notesPlease see the README file.

摘要：DNA复制（DNA replication）是一类普遍存在、复杂且保守的细胞过程。然而，当前学界仅对极少数生物的DNA复制调控机制有所认知，这些生物无法充分代表自然界中遗传系统的多样性。本研究结合计算与实验方法，对旋毛纲纤毛虫（spirotrich ciliates）体内的复制带（replication band, RB）这一特殊系统的功能与演化展开探究。复制带是一种定域性的运动枢纽，在DNA复制过程中贯穿大核（macronucleus）。研究发现，复制带在不同物种中可呈现独特的物理形态，从极区带延伸至“复制包膜（replication envelope）”：此时DNA复制起始于核外周，并向心性向内推进。此外，本研究鉴定出一批与复制带相关的基因，涵盖细胞运输相关通路，包括钙转运蛋白与细胞骨架调控因子，这些基因可能参与复制带的功能实现与移位运动。上述研究结果揭示了运动性DNA复制系统复杂的演化历程与多样性，并为核结构与核过程的调控机制研究提供了全新思路。使用说明：请参阅README文件。