Vanishing River Volume 4: Chapter 03: The Vanished River: Historical-Period Impacts to Desert Landscapes and Archaeological Implications

In Chapter 3, Whittlesey provides a description of the current state of the Verde River and discusses the history of intensive landscape modifications to the Verde and other rivers in central and southern Arizona (including the Salt, Gila, Colorado, Little Colorado, San Pedro, and Santa Cruz) . She first reviews archaeological and documentary evidence for changes to Arizona's riverine environments in both the prehistoric and historic periods. She focuses on accounts from the Spanish Colonial entradas, early trappers, and the first American interests. Whittlesey then reviews the histories of modifications to riparian landscapes and their consequences. She concludes with a discussion of the implications for the archaeological record.

在第3章中，惠特尔西（Whittlesey）首先对弗德河（Verde River）的现状进行了系统阐述，并探讨了亚利桑那州中南部地区弗德河与其他河流（包括索尔特河（Salt River）、希拉河（Gila River）、科罗拉多河（Colorado River）、小科罗拉多河（Little Colorado River）、圣佩德罗河（San Pedro River）以及圣克鲁斯河（Santa Cruz River））的高强度景观改造历史。她首先梳理了史前与历史时期亚利桑那州河流沿岸环境变迁的考古学与文献证据，重点参考了西班牙殖民时期远征记录、早期毛皮猎人的记载以及首批美国利益相关者的记述。随后，惠特尔西梳理了河岸景观（riparian landscape）改造的历史及其产生的各类后果，并最终就相关研究对考古记录的启示展开了讨论。