The urinary proteome differs with the presence and type of breast cancer

Despite the advancements in screening and treatment, the incidence of breast cancer (BC) and associated mortalityare projected to increase. Therefore, developing a companion diagnostic for BC remains important. To explore the urinary proteome for potential biomarkers for BC.  A total of 130 participants were recruited for this study which categorised into four groups; (1) newly diagnosed breast cancer (BC) n=46, (2) benign breast disease (BBD) n=36, (3) symptom control (SC) n=30 and (4) healthy control (HC) n=18. The BC class sub-divided in pre-invasive: ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) (n=3), invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) (n=23) and IDC accompanied DCIS (n=8) classes. Purified urinary proteins were analysed using a bottom-up data dependent acquisition proteomics approach. Protein identifications and abundances were generated using Thermo Scientific TM Proteome Discoverer TM with statistical analyses were performed via open-source software platforms and databases; MetaboAnalyst v6.0, DAVID and STRING v12.0.