基于多源雷达高度计的全球典型湖泊水位变化数据集（2002-2016）

湖泊水位是反映区域和全球环境变化的重要指标。选择全球118个面积大于400 km&sup2的湖泊作为研究区域（其中，亚欧大陆57个、北美洲31个、非洲14个、南美洲10个、大洋洲6个），运用MOD13Q1产品，提取湖泊边界；运用ENVISAT/RA-2、Cryosat-2/SIRAL、Jason-2三种星载雷达高度计的GDR（Geophysical Data Record）数据经过水位计算、水位异常值剔除、高斯滤波去噪、高程系统转换等过程，计算出每个湖泊2002-2016年的水位变化数据集。每个湖泊的2002-2016年水位年平均变化率采用简单线性回归计算得到。数据结果分别采用青海湖、鄱阳湖和北美五大湖的实测水位进行了水位提取精度验证，提取精度可达分米-厘米级。该数据集包括：（1）2002-2016年118个湖泊的水位变化数据，包括湖泊的当天水位、月平均水位和年平均水位。（2）118个湖泊的2002-2016年水位变化率数据。数据集存储为.xlsx、.shp格式，由126个数据文件组成，数据量为3.71 MB（压缩为1个数据文件，3.48 MB）。

Lake water level is a critical indicator reflecting regional and global environmental changes. A total of 118 lakes with an area greater than 400 km² across the globe were selected as the study area, among which 57 are located in Eurasia, 31 in North America, 14 in Africa, 10 in South America, and 6 in Oceania. Lake boundaries were extracted using the MOD13Q1 product. Then, GDR (Geophysical Data Record) data from three spaceborne radar altimeters, namely ENVISAT/RA-2, Cryosat-2/SIRAL and Jason-2, were subjected to processes including water level calculation, outlier removal, Gaussian filtering denoising and vertical datum transformation, to generate the water level change datasets for each lake from 2002 to 2016. The annual average water level change rate of each lake over the 2002-2016 period was calculated via simple linear regression. The accuracy of water level extraction was validated using in-situ water level measurements from Qinghai Lake, Poyang Lake and the North American Great Lakes, with the accuracy reaching decimeter to centimeter level. This dataset consists of two parts: (1) Water level change data of the 118 lakes from 2002 to 2016, including daily water level, monthly average water level and annual average water level of each lake; (2) Water level change rate data of the 118 lakes from 2002 to 2016. The dataset is stored in .xlsx and .shp formats, comprising 126 data files, with a total size of 3.71 MB (compressed into a single file of 3.48 MB).