Parish Support to Asylum Seekers 2016

This survey study charted support provided to asylum seekers by Finnish Evangelical Lutheran parishes during and after the 2015 mass influx of people seeking asylum in Finland. Themes included types of immigrant work done in the parish, practices, challenges, and cooperation with other groups. Respondents were employees of parishes responsible for asylum seeker support services. First, the respondents were asked about reception centres in the parish region as well as the types of support that the parish provided to asylum seekers in the autumn of 2015 and provides currently (e.g. temporary lodging, leisure time activities, work, language teaching). The type and duration of temporary accommodation needed in the parish area was charted in more detail. The respondents were also asked whether the parish had done immigrant work before the autumn of 2015. The next questions concerned voluntary workers and organisations participating in supporting asylum seekers. It was charted which organisations the parish collaborated with in providing support to asylum seekers (e.g. municipality, Finnish Immigration Service, Finnish Red Cross, Pentecostal Church). Respondents were also enquired about parish employees participating in support provided to asylum seekers, the number of voluntary workers involved, work tasks of volunteers, asylum work funding, and organisation of interpreting work. Attitudes of different groups toward asylum work of the parish were also examined, as well as whether the parish had focused enough efforts on bringing asylum seekers and native Finns together. In addition, the respondents' views were charted on success and problems in providing help to asylum seekers. Conflicts arising in the support provided to asylum seekers by the parish were also charted relating to, for instance, cultural differences, gender, language, and child-rearing. Finally, respondents were asked about asylum seeker participation in religious events of the parish as well as whether asylum work had had an effect on the practices of the parish. For instance, questions examined which church events asylum seekers had attended and whether immigrant work had brought new elements into parish activities. Background variables included, for instance, the respondent's job title, size of the parish, and diocese to which the parish belonged.

本调查研究系统梳理了2015年芬兰大规模寻求庇护者（asylum seekers）入境潮期间及之后，芬兰福音路德教会堂区（Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Parishes）为寻求庇护者提供的各类支持服务。研究涵盖的主题包括堂区内开展的移民服务类型、服务实践、面临的挑战，以及与其他团体的合作情况。本次调查的受访者为堂区负责寻求庇护者支持服务的雇员。

首先，受访者需回答所在堂区辖区内的接待中心（reception centres）情况，以及2015年秋季堂区为寻求庇护者提供的支持类型，与当前仍在提供的支持类型（例如临时住宿、休闲活动、就业支持、语言教学等）。研究还详细梳理了堂区辖区内所需临时住宿的类型与时长。此外，受访者还被问及2015年秋季之前，该堂区是否已开展移民服务。

后续问题围绕参与寻求庇护者支持工作的志愿工作者与相关组织展开：研究梳理了堂区在提供支持过程中合作的组织类型，例如市政当局、芬兰移民局（Finnish Immigration Service）、芬兰红十字会（Finnish Red Cross）、五旬节教会（Pentecostal Church）等。此外，受访者还需回答参与寻求庇护者支持工作的堂区雇员情况、涉及的志愿工作者人数、志愿者的工作任务、寻求庇护者支持工作的经费来源、口译服务的组织情况。

研究还调研了不同群体对堂区寻求庇护者支持工作的态度，以及堂区是否投入足够精力推动寻求庇护者与本土芬兰人之间的社会融合。此外，调研还收集了受访者关于为寻求庇护者提供帮助的成效与现存问题的看法；堂区在为寻求庇护者提供支持过程中产生的各类冲突也被纳入梳理范围，例如涉及文化差异、性别、语言与育儿理念等方面的冲突。

最后，受访者需回答寻求庇护者参与堂区宗教活动的情况，以及寻求庇护者支持工作是否对堂区的日常运作产生了影响——例如调研了寻求庇护者参与过哪些教堂活动，移民服务是否为堂区活动带来了新元素。调研收集的背景变量包括受访者的职位、堂区规模，以及堂区所属的教区（diocese）等。