Local Government Performance: Evaluating Efficiency, Efficacy, and Effectiveness at the Basic Education Level

ABSTRACT Access to public education for many specialists is the most potent policy toward achieving an equitable and fair society. To accomplish this challenging goal, there must exist an efficient and effective public system. Therefore, to support and expand the issue, we have developed a study that focuses on the impacts that socioeconomic conditions have on efficiency and efficacy at the basic education level in municipalities from the state of São Paulo, Brazil. In order to achieve our main goal, we performed a descriptive statistical analysis, a correlation analysis, and three multiple linear regressions. First, the descriptive study exhibited public education inequality between the municipalities. Following this, the correlation analysis pointed out a positive and significant correlation amongst socioeconomic conditions as well as a more efficient and effective model. Finally, three multiple linear regressions demonstrate a positive and significant impact concerning the economic status between the social condition and the efficiency, efficacy, and effectiveness in public schools run by municipal authorities. Therefore, this paper generates an advance toward local government performance studies, through the analysis of possible impacts concerning socioeconomic conditions in the 3Es at the basic education level.

摘要：保障众多群体享有公共教育的机会，是实现公平公正社会的最有力政策路径。要达成这一富有挑战性的目标，必须构建一套高效优质的公共教育体系。为此，我们开展了一项聚焦巴西圣保罗州各市政辖区内，社会经济状况对基础教育阶段办学效率与效能影响的研究。为达成核心研究目标，我们先后开展了描述性统计分析、相关性分析以及三组多元线性回归分析。首先，描述性分析结果显示，各市政辖区间的公共教育资源分配存在不均现象。随后，相关性分析结果表明，社会经济状况与更高效优质的办学模式之间存在显著正相关关系。最后，三组多元线性回归分析证实，社会经济状况中的经济维度，对市政当局运营的公立学校的办学效率、效能与效益均产生了显著正向影响。综上，本研究通过分析社会经济状况对基础教育阶段“3E”（效率、效能、效益）指标的潜在影响，为地方政府绩效研究领域提供了新的进展。