Data for the report - Towards optimising climate smart agriculture resource investment decisions: Mapping program impact areas, policy support and mitigation feasibility

This scoping study documents climate-smart agriculture efforts in Ghana, their scalability, and potential resilience impacts. The work fills the gap in CSA use evidence and provides a methodological approach for mapping and evaluating its feasibility. The results provide insights and evidence to support policy formulation, agenda setting and strategy development. As the saying goes, \"You can't manage what you can't measure\" the paucity of data and evidence on the key aspects of where, when, what, by who on CSA usage hampers implementation. The tendency has been a skewed distribution with some areas receiving more attention while other regions/districts might be sidelined. With the CGIARs Accelerating Impact of Climate Research in Africa (AICCRA) additional financing from the World Bank reported during COP28 focusing more on usage, the Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT in Ghana partnered with the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute for Scientific and Technological Information (CSIR-INSTI) develop mapping approach, database and compendium of CSAs in Ghana. The scoping study assemble evidence of past investments from government’s budgetary allocations, policies, interventions as well as the contributions of non-governmental organisations. Metodology:The CSA principles and assessment criteria set by FAO CSA source book and the IPCC Working Group II CSA assessment guided the study design, criteria and reporting framework. The CSAs are mapped for the regions indicating spatial distributions of efforts by government and non-governmental organisations. The distribution of government and NGO projects shows impact and focus areas. The predominance of projects in some regions is indicate of the adaptation need but also due to enabling conditions. The distribution of CSA systems shows the risks that CSA address which is supported by distribution of themes and CSAs. The data also presents the potential and reported impacts of CSAs. The social contributions considered include use and adoption while ecological impacts include nutrient, soil and water conservation.

本范围界定研究梳理了加纳的气候智能型农业（Climate-Smart Agriculture，CSA）实践、其可推广性以及潜在的韧性影响。本研究填补了CSA应用实证研究领域的空白，并为绘制其应用图谱与评估可行性提供了方法论框架。研究结果可为政策制定、议程设定与战略规划提供洞见与实证支撑。

正如俗语所言："无法衡量之物便无法管理"，当前CSA应用在实施地点、时间、方式与主体等关键维度的数据与证据匮乏，严重阻碍了其落地推进。实践中常出现资源分配失衡的情况：部分地区获得更多关注，而其他区域或行政区则可能被边缘化。

在《联合国气候变化框架公约》第28次缔约方大会（COP28）期间披露，国际农业研究磋商小组（CGIAR）旗下的非洲气候研究影响力加速计划（Accelerating Impact of Climate Research in Africa，AICCRA）获得了世界银行（World Bank）的额外资助，且该资助更侧重CSA的应用落地。借此契机，加纳生物多样性国际与国际热带农业中心联盟（Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT）与加纳科学与工业研究委员会-科学技术信息研究所（Council for Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute for Scientific and Technological Information，CSIR-INSTI）合作开发了加纳CSA的应用图谱绘制方法、数据库与汇编手册。

本范围界定研究收集了过往相关投资的实证资料，包括政府预算拨款、政策文件、干预举措以及非政府组织（non-governmental organisations，NGO）的贡献情况。

方法论：本研究以联合国粮食及农业组织（Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations，FAO）CSA手册以及政府间气候变化专门委员会（Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change，IPCC）第二工作组的CSA评估指南为依据，确定了研究设计、评估标准与报告框架。研究针对各行政区绘制了CSA实践的空间分布图，以展示政府与NGO的CSA投入布局。政府与NGO的CSA项目分布情况，可反映其实施影响力与重点关注领域。部分地区CSA项目占比偏高，既体现了当地的气候适应需求，也得益于当地具备的有利实施条件。CSA体系的分布情况结合其应用主题与具体类型的分布特征，可反映出CSA所应对的各类气候风险。本数据集同时涵盖了CSA的潜在影响与已报告的实际影响。其中，社会维度的效益考量包括CSA的应用与推广情况，而生态层面的影响则涵盖养分保持、土壤保护与水土保持等内容。