北天山北麓黄土及潜在源区沉积物全岩微量元素数据集（现代表土）

黄土沉积广泛分布在中亚的山麓地区，但目前对中亚黄土的搬运过程和来源仍知之甚少。基于21个黄土沉积物的微量元素（包括稀土元素）含量和多维尺度分析，研究了天山北麓黄土的成因和形成过程。结果显示黄土遭受了较弱的化学风化作用。基于Pearson相关性和Kruskal–Wallis H检验等多种地球化学指纹技术，本文在吉尔吉斯斯坦北部和哈萨克斯坦南部建立了洪冲积扇/平原、沙漠、黄土之间的成因联系。位于西天山山前斜坡及其北部冲积平原上的混杂沉积物是哈国东南部沙漠和黄土的共同物源；然而沙丘沉积物不是天山黄土的主要物源。中亚黄土的来源和形成过程强烈依赖于当地的地貌背景和风动力，只有充分认识中亚地区黄土物源和形成过程的时空变化特征，才能对黄土沉积的古气候代用指标作可靠的解释。

Loess deposits are extensively distributed in the piedmont regions of Central Asia. However, current knowledge regarding the transport processes and provenance of Central Asian loess remains limited. This study examines the genesis and formation processes of loess in the northern piedmont of the Tianshan Mountains using trace element (including rare earth element) concentrations of 21 loess sediment samples and multidimensional scaling analysis. The results indicate that the loess has undergone weak chemical weathering. By employing multiple geochemical fingerprinting techniques such as Pearson correlation analysis and Kruskal–Wallis H test, this work establishes genetic linkages among flood-alluvial fans/plains, deserts, and loess in northern Kyrgyzstan and southern Kazakhstan. Mixed sediments on the piedmont slopes of the western Tianshan Mountains and their adjacent northern alluvial plains act as the common provenance for deserts and loess in southeastern Kazakhstan; nevertheless, dune sediments are not the primary provenance of Tianshan loess. The provenance and formation processes of Central Asian loess are strongly dependent on local geomorphic settings and wind dynamics. Only when the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of loess provenance and formation processes in Central Asia are fully understood can reliable interpretations of paleoclimatic proxy indices of loess deposits be made.