Supplementary Material for: Clinical, genomic, and neurophysiological correlates of lifetime suicide attempts among individuals with an alcohol use disorder

Introduction: Research has identified multiple risk factors associated with suicide attempt (SA) among individuals with psychiatric illness. However, there is limited research among those with an alcohol use disorder (AUD), despite their disproportionately higher rates of SA.
Methods: We examined lifetime suicide attempt in 4,068 individuals with an AUD from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (23% lifetime SA; 53% female; mean age: 38). We explored risk for lifetime SA across other clinical conditions ascertained from a clinical interview, polygenic scores (PGS) for comorbid psychiatric problems, and neurocognitive functioning.
Results: Participants with an AUD who attempted suicide had greater rates of trauma exposure, major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, other substance use disorders (SUD), and suicidal ideation. Polygenic scores for suicide attempt, depression, and PTSD were associated with increased odds of reporting a suicide attempt (ORs = 1.22 – 1.44). Participants who reported a SA also had decreased right hemispheric frontal-parietal theta and decreased interhemispheric temporal-parietal alpha electroencephalogram resting-state coherences relative to those who did not, but differences were small.
Conclusions: Overall, individuals with an AUD who report lifetime SA experience greater levels of trauma, have more severe comorbidities, and carry increased polygenic risk for other psychiatric problems. Our results demonstrate the need to further investigate suicide attempts in the presence of SUDs.

引言：研究已明确精神疾病患者群体中与自杀未遂（suicide attempt, SA）相关的多种风险因素。尽管酒精使用障碍（alcohol use disorder, AUD）群体的自杀未遂发生率异常偏高，但针对该群体的相关研究仍较为匮乏。

方法：本研究针对来自酒精成瘾遗传学合作研究（Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism）队列的4068名酒精使用障碍患者展开分析，其中23%存在终生自杀未遂史，53%为女性，平均年龄为38岁。我们基于临床访谈获取的其他临床病症、共病精神问题的多基因评分（polygenic scores, PGS）以及神经认知功能，探究了该群体终生自杀未遂的风险因素。

结果：存在自杀未遂史的酒精使用障碍患者，其创伤暴露率、重性抑郁障碍、创伤后应激障碍、其他物质使用障碍（substance use disorders, SUD）以及自杀意念的发生率均更高。自杀未遂、抑郁及创伤后应激障碍的多基因评分与自杀未遂报告的更高发生风险相关（优势比OR=1.22~1.44）。与无自杀未遂史的患者相比，报告过自杀未遂的患者的右半球额顶叶θ波及半球间颞顶叶α波的脑电图静息态相干性均有所降低，但上述差异幅度较小。

结论：总体而言，存在终生自杀未遂史的酒精使用障碍患者，其创伤暴露程度更高、共病病症更严重，且罹患其他精神问题的多基因风险也更高。本研究结果表明，有必要针对物质使用障碍群体的自杀未遂问题展开进一步研究。