祁连山综合观测网：黑河流域地表过程综合观测网（混合林站自动气象站-2019）

该数据集包含了2019年1月1日至2018年12月31日黑河流域地表过程综合观测网下游混合林站气象要素观测数据。站点位于内蒙古额济纳旗达来呼布镇四道桥，下垫面是胡杨与柽柳。观测点的经纬度是101.1335E,41.9903N，海拔874m。空气温度、相对湿度传感器架设在28m处，朝向正北；气压计安装在地面上的防撬箱内；翻斗式雨量计安装在28m处；风速与风向传感器架设在28m，朝向正北；四分量辐射仪安装在24m处，朝向正南；两个红外温度计安装在24m处，朝向正南，探头朝向是垂直向下；两个光合有效辐射仪安装在24m处，朝向正南，探头垂直向上和向下方向各一个；土壤温度探头埋设在地表0cm和地下2cm、4cm、10cm、20cm、40cm、60cm、100cm、160cm、200cm和240cm处，在距离气象塔2m的正南方；土壤水分探头埋设在地下2cm、4cm、10cm、20cm、40cm、60cm、100cm、160cm、200cm和240cm处，在距离气象塔2m的正南方；土壤热流板（3块）依次埋设在地下6cm处，在距离气象塔2m的正南方。
观测项目有：空气温湿度（Ta_28m、RH_28m）(单位：摄氏度、百分比)、气压（Press）(单位：百帕)、降水量（Rain）(单位：毫米)、风速（WS_28m）(单位：米/秒)、风向（WD_28m）(单位：度)、四分量辐射（DR、UR、DLR_Cor、ULR_Cor、Rn）(单位：瓦/平方米)、地表辐射温度（IRT_1、IRT_2）(单位：摄氏度)、土壤热通量（Gs_1、Gs_2、Gs_3）(单位：瓦/平方米)、土壤温度（Ts_0cm、Ts_2cm、Ts_4cm、Ts_10cm、Ts_20cm、Ts_40cm、Ts_60cm、Ts_100cm、Ts_160cm、Ts_200cm、Ts_240cm）(单位：摄氏度)、土壤水分（Ms_2cm、Ms_4cm、Ms_10cm、Ms_20cm、Ms_40cm、Ms_60cm、Ms_100cm、Ms_160cm、Ms_200cm、Ms_240cm）(单位：体积含水量，百分比)、向上与向下光合有效辐射（PAR_up、PAR_down）(单位：微摩尔/平方米秒)。
观测数据的处理与质量控制：（1）确保每天144个数据（每10min），若出现数据的缺失，则由-6999标示； 1月份由于供电问题，数据间断出现一些缺失；由于采集器存储问题，9月14日后土壤水分数据缺失；由于探头问题，9月21日后240 cm深度土壤温度有问题；（2）剔除有重复记录的时刻；（3）删除了明显超出物理意义或超出仪器量程的数据；（4）数据中以红字标示的部分为有疑问的数据；（5）日期和时间的格式统一，并且日期、时间在同一列。如，时间为：2019-6-10 10:30；（6）命名规则为：AWS+站点名称
黑河综合观测网或站点信息请参考Liu et al. (2018)，观测数据处理请参考Liu et al. (2011)。

This dataset contains meteorological element observation data from the downstream mixed forest station of the Heihe River Basin Surface Process Comprehensive Observation Network, covering the period from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2018.
The station is located at Sidaoqiao, Dalaihubu Town, Ejina Banner, Inner Mongolia, with its underlying surface covered by Populus euphratica and Tamarix ramosissima. The coordinates of the observation site are 101.1335°E, 41.9903°N, and the elevation is 874 m.
Air temperature and relative humidity sensors are mounted at 28 m above the ground, facing north; a barometer is installed in a vandal-proof box on the ground; a tipping-bucket rain gauge is mounted at 28 m; wind speed and direction sensors are mounted at 28 m, facing north; a four-component radiometer is installed at 24 m, facing south; two infrared thermometers are installed at 24 m, facing south, with their probes pointing vertically downward; two photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensors are installed at 24 m, facing south, with one probe pointing vertically upward and the other vertically downward.
Soil temperature probes are buried at 0 cm below the surface and at depths of 2 cm, 4 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm, 100 cm, 160 cm, 200 cm and 240 cm underground, 2 m directly south of the meteorological tower; soil moisture probes are buried at depths of 2 cm, 4 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm, 100 cm, 160 cm, 200 cm and 240 cm underground, 2 m directly south of the meteorological tower; three soil heat flux plates are sequentially buried at 6 cm underground, 2 m directly south of the meteorological tower.
Observation items include: air temperature and humidity (Ta_28m, RH_28m) (units: degrees Celsius, percentage), barometric pressure (Press) (unit: hectopascals), precipitation (Rain) (unit: millimeters), wind speed (WS_28m) (unit: meters per second), wind direction (WD_28m) (unit: degrees), four-component radiation (DR, UR, DLR_Cor, ULR_Cor, Rn) (unit: watts per square meter), surface radiation temperature (IRT_1, IRT_2) (unit: degrees Celsius), soil heat flux (Gs_1, Gs_2, Gs_3) (unit: watts per square meter), soil temperature (Ts_0cm, Ts_2cm, Ts_4cm, Ts_10cm, Ts_20cm, Ts_40cm, Ts_60cm, Ts_100cm, Ts_160cm, Ts_200cm, Ts_240cm) (unit: degrees Celsius), soil moisture (Ms_2cm, Ms_4cm, Ms_10cm, Ms_20cm, Ms_40cm, Ms_60cm, Ms_100cm, Ms_160cm, Ms_200cm, Ms_240cm) (unit: volumetric water content, percentage), upward and downward photosynthetically active radiation (PAR_up, PAR_down) (unit: micromoles per square meter per second).
Data processing and quality control: (1) Ensure 144 data points per day (recorded every 10 minutes). Missing data is marked with -6999; data gaps occurred in January due to power supply issues; soil moisture data has been missing since September 14 due to collector storage problems; soil temperature data at 240 cm depth has been problematic since September 21 due to probe issues; (2) Remove duplicate records at the same timestamp; (3) Delete data that obviously exceeds physical limits or instrument measurement ranges; (4) Data marked in red indicate questionable values; (5) Unify the date and time format, with date and time in the same column. For example, the time format is: "2019-6-10 10:30"; (6) The naming convention is: AWS+station name.
For information on the Heihe River Comprehensive Observation Network or the station, please refer to Liu et al. (2018); for data processing procedures, please refer to Liu et al. (2011).