A Cognitive Analysis of Truck Drivers’ Right-hand Turns

This paper presents an investigation of truck drivers' performance during right-hand turns performed in in- tersections with traffic lights in order to elicit the truck drivers' domain, decision-making processes, and the strategies used while executing the turns. To gain knowledge about this, a truck driving instructor was inter- viewed, and four truck drivers were observed and interviewed. This resulted in a cognitive work analysis with the phases work domain analysis, control task analysis and strategies analysis. Through this study it is indi- cated that many different types of information are sought using several brief glances in mirrors, and the results shows how the front and near-zone mirrors were never used by the participants during the observed right-hand turns. Controlling the vehicle was found to be mainly automatic, whereas their focus is on the orientation about surroundings. Lastly, the drivers' behavior is discussed in relation to change blindness, con- firmation bias and schemes.

本论文针对交通信号灯路口右转操作场景下的卡车驾驶员作业表现展开研究，旨在挖掘卡车驾驶员的作业领域、决策流程以及执行右转时所采用的操作策略。为获取相关研究资料，本研究对一名卡车驾驶教练员进行了访谈，并对四名卡车驾驶员开展了观察与访谈工作。由此开展了包含作业领域分析（work domain analysis）、控制任务分析（control task analysis）与策略分析（strategies analysis）三个阶段的认知工作分析（cognitive work analysis）。研究结果显示，驾驶员会通过多次短暂扫视后视镜来获取多种不同类型的信息，且观察对象在本次观测的右转操作中，从未使用前视后视镜与近区域后视镜。研究发现，车辆操控环节主要处于自动化执行状态，而驾驶员的注意力主要集中在周边环境的方位判断上。最后，本研究结合变化视盲（change blindness）、确认偏误（confirmation bias）与认知图式（schemes）理论，对驾驶员的作业行为展开了讨论。