Determinants of oral self-care in the Brazilian adult population: a national cross-sectional study

Abstract: This study aims to investigate variables related to adherence to oral self-care in the Brazilian adult population. It is an exploratory study, using secondary data from a population-based survey on a representative sample of the adult population of the entire Brazilian territory (n=60202). The sample was selected using a multiple stage approach. The oral self-care indicator was defined by grouping the variables: periodicity of dentist appointments, use of dental floss, toothbrush and toothpaste, frequency of brushing and replacement of the toothbrush. The scores obtained from the indicator were categorized into adequate, partially adequate, and inadequate care. Statistical analysis consisted of dimensionality reduction, and oral self-care-related variables were submitted to logistic regression. The variables mostly related to inadequate or partially adequate oral self-care were: illiteracy (OR = 11.20, OR = 4.81), low educational level (OR = 3.50, OR = 1.96), negative oral health self-concept (OR=3.73, OR=1.74), absence of natural teeth (OR = 4.98, OR=2.60), edentulous lower arch (OR = 3.09; _____), number of missing upper teeth (OR=1.14, OR=1.05), absence of health insurance (OR=2.23, OR=2.07), sedentary lifestyle (OR=2.77, OR=1.51), and smoking (OR=2.18, OR=1.40). It was concluded that the individual's level of education is one of the main factors for adherence to adequate oral self-care, followed by level of oral health self-concept and tooth loss. Likewise, lifestyle also bears a significant influence.

摘要：本研究旨在探究巴西成年人群口腔自我护理依从性相关变量。本研究为探索性研究，采用基于人群调查的二手数据，研究对象为覆盖巴西全境成年人口的代表性样本（n=60202）。样本采用多阶段抽样法选取。口腔自我护理指标通过对以下变量进行整合定义：牙科就诊频率、牙线使用情况、牙刷与牙膏使用情况、刷牙频率及牙刷更换周期。依据该指标计算所得得分，将口腔护理情况划分为良好、部分良好及不良三类。统计分析采用降维方法，与口腔自我护理相关的变量纳入逻辑回归分析。与口腔护理不良或部分不良相关性最高的变量包括：文盲状态（比值比（Odds Ratio）=11.20、OR=4.81）、低受教育水平（OR=3.50、OR=1.96）、负面口腔健康自我认知（OR=3.73、OR=1.74）、天然牙缺失（OR=4.98、OR=2.60）、下颌无牙颌（OR=3.09；______）、上颌缺失牙数量（OR=1.14、OR=1.05）、无健康保险（OR=2.23、OR=2.07）、久坐生活方式（OR=2.77、OR=1.51）及吸烟（OR=2.18、OR=1.40）。研究得出结论：个体受教育水平是影响口腔自我护理依从性的核心因素之一，其次为口腔健康自我认知水平与牙齿缺失情况。同样，生活方式也对口腔自我护理依从性具有显著影响。