Stonemeal of amazon soils with sediments from reservoirs: a case study of remineralization of the tucuruí degraded land for agroforest reclamation

This study suggests the employment of accumulated sediments in the reservoir of Tucuruí (Pará /Brazil) to remineralize the surrounding degraded soils. The approach was based on the principles of stonemeal technology. It suggests that the soil can be rejuvenated by crushed rocks rich in macro and micronutrients. Removal of the sediments for agricultural use will bring benefits to family farmers and increase the life cycle of the reservoir and, therefore, energy generation. Geochemical data on retained sediments, soils and rocks in the area of influence of the reservoir were evaluated regarding nutrient transport mechanisms and soil-fertility potential. Results show that sediments from the reservoir contain nutrients levels at least one order of magnitude greater than average Amazon region soils. Our data on soil use and occupation in the region show the degradation areas which could be recovered by stonemeal techniques. Thence, an Agroforestry System was installed, with 12 plots where different mixtures of sediments removed from the reservoir were used, along with crushed rock with or without the addition of NPK and manure. The experiments showed that maximum crop yield and plant growth were attained in the plots where a mixture of sediments, crushed rocks and manure were added.

本研究提出采用巴西帕拉州图库鲁伊水库的淤积沉积物，对周边退化土壤进行复矿质化修复。该修复方案依托岩粉改良技术的核心原理，研究证实，富含大量元素与微量元素的粉碎岩石可实现土壤肥力的复壮。将沉积物清淤后用于农业生产，不仅可为家庭农场主带来经济效益，还能延长水库使用寿命，进而提升电力生产效率。研究针对水库影响区内留存的沉积物、土壤与岩石的地球化学数据进行了评估，以分析其养分运移机制与土壤肥力潜力。结果表明，该水库沉积物的养分含量至少较亚马逊地区典型土壤高出一个数量级。本研究获取的区域土地利用与覆被数据，明确了可通过岩粉改良技术修复的退化土壤区域。据此，研究团队搭建了一套农林业系统，共设置12个试验小区，分别采用不同配比的清淤沉积物，并搭配粉碎岩石，部分小区额外添加氮磷钾（NPK）复合肥与有机肥。试验结果显示，同时添加清淤沉积物、粉碎岩石与有机肥的试验小区，可实现最高作物产量与最优植株生长表现。