Revisiting the Long-Term Effects of Political Violence on Human Capital Accumulation in Peru: A Replication of Leon (2012)

Leon (2012) found that exposure to political violence in Peru negatively affected human capital accumulation in the short and long run using a sample of 2 percent of 1993 and 2007 censuses. This paper demonstrates that those findings are not robust when using the complete census data. We find significantly smaller estimates and provide evidence that the assumption of parallel trends does not hold, modifying Leon's main conclusions (2012) significantly. Finally, we show valid evidence of a true adverse effect of political violence, but only for those exposed in utero. Keywords: Replication, Conflict, Human Capital, Long-term effects.