Agro-Morphological Traits Diversity in Tef [Eragrostis Tef (Zucc.) Trotter] Genotypes from Various Sources

A total of 188 tef genotypes including 144 pure lines selected from germplasm collection, 35 released varieties, eight breeding lines and their parents were evaluated in three replications at two locations in Ethiopia. The objectives were to assess the magnitude and pattern of phenotypic diversity in tef genotypes obtained from various sources in Ethiopia. Combined analysis of variance revealed highly significant (P < 0.01) differences among genotypes, locations and genotype by environment interaction for all studied traits. Thus, wide ranges of variations were observed for days to heading (40.3 to 60.8 days) and maturity (101 to 122.5 days), plant height (60.7 to 107.1 cm), panicle length (19.5 to 39.5 cm), number of fertile tillers per plant (2.1 to 5.5) and spikelet per panicle (156.7 to 441.7), 1000 kernel weights (20.7 to 33.0 mg), grain yield (3.7 to 7.3 t/ha) and lodging index (44.7 to 79.3%). Cluster analysis revealed six distinct clusters of 188 individual tef genotypes while the 14 populations were grouped into four distinct clusters. In general, existence of sufficient level of genetic variation was revealed for future use in tef improvement.

本研究共对188份苔麸（tef）基因型开展性状鉴定，其中包含144份从种质资源库中筛选获得的纯系、35个审定品种、8个育种品系及其亲本；试验在埃塞俄比亚的2个试点设置3次重复。研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚不同来源苔麸基因型的表型多样性水平与分布模式。联合方差分析结果显示，所有供试性状在基因型、试点以及基因型与环境互作间均存在极显著差异（P < 0.01）。由此可见，各供试性状均存在广泛表型变异：抽穗期为40.3~60.8天、成熟期为101~122.5天、株高60.7~107.1 cm、穗长19.5~39.5 cm、单株有效分蘖数2.1~5.5、每穗小穗数156.7~441.7、千粒重20.7~33.0 mg、籽粒产量3.7~7.3 t/ha，以及倒伏指数44.7%~79.3%。聚类分析结果表明，188份苔麸基因型可划分为6个独立类群，而14个供试群体则被划分为4个独立类群。综上，该苔麸种质群体存在充足的遗传变异，可为后续苔麸遗传改良工作提供材料基础。