Data for: Effects of climate-driven hydrological changes in reproduction of Amazonian floodplain fishes

This is the dataset used by Röpke et al. (2022) in the study published at Journal of Applied Ecology to investigate: 1) whether the proportion of reproductive females could be negatively affected by long, drier low-water seasons and short, abrupt rising-water periods, and if such effects were stronger in fished species; 2) if the size to reach sexual maturity and the average body size of ripe females have decreased over recent years and if such changes were more evident in fished species; 3) whether changes in these parameters could be associated with a decrease in the abundance of larger adult females, and whether such a decrease was higher in fished species. The study was conducted in Lago Catalão, a floodplain lake in the Amazon, located at the confluence of Amazon and Negro rivers. The dataset includes data collected monthly from October 1999 until October 2018 from surveys using ten gillnets of several mesh sizes (see Röpke et al., 2017 Scientific Reports for further information). Each individual was identified to species level, sex and gonadal maturation were determined based on dissection, body size was taken in standard length (mm). Hydrological dataset was obtained from Manaus’s harbor and annual descriptors of flooding cycle follow the description of Röpke et al. (2017). Two set of datasets are available here as csv files. One, IR_Catalao2019_reproduction.csv used to test our first hypothesis, brings information on annual proportion of females in reproduction of 16 fish species (please see details in the published manuscript), Hydrological Year (Hydrol.Year), which represents roughly the year as starting in October and ending in March; the Gregorian calendar Year (Greg.Year); the annual number of females in reproduction (N_females); total number of adult females captured (Total); duration, in days, of the low water season (LowWat_Duration); duration, in days, of rising water season (Rising_Duration); minimum water of the year (minWaterLevel); velocity of the flooding (RisingIntensity); amplitude of variation in water level (Hyd.Cycl.Intensity); first axis of principal component analysis based on hydrologic attributes using 110 year of hydrologic data (PC1); species name; family and genus. The second dataset, IR_Catalao2019_L50.csv used to test the second and third hypothesis, brings information on standard length in millimeters (BodySize); sex of individuals only female (F) and immature (I) were considered in the study (Sex); rankings of gonadal development, 1- immature, 2-6 adult females with ovaries with different stages of development regarding the annual reproductive cycle (GonadMaurity), sexual maturity, scoring 0 for immature and 1 for mature females (SexMaturity); Gregorian calendar year (Year); the taxonomic categories family and genus; and fishing pressure (Fishing).

本数据集为Röpke等人（2022）发表于《应用生态学杂志（Journal of Applied Ecology）》的研究中所使用的数据，该研究旨在探究三项核心科学问题：1） 漫长干燥的枯水期与短促突变的涨水期是否会对繁殖雌性个体的占比产生负面影响，且该效应在捕捞物种中是否更为显著；2） 近年来，鱼类达到性成熟的体型以及性成熟雌性的平均体尺是否出现下降，且此类变化在捕捞物种中是否更为明显；3） 上述参数的变化是否与成年雌性个体丰度的降低相关，且该降低幅度在捕捞物种中是否更高。
该研究在亚马孙河（Amazon）与内格罗河（Negro rivers）汇流处的泛滥平原湖泊卡塔朗湖（Lago Catalão）开展。
数据集涵盖1999年10月至2018年10月的月度采样数据，采样采用10张不同网目尺寸的刺网（gillnets），详细采样信息参见Röpke等人2017年发表于《科学报告（Scientific Reports）》的研究。所有采集个体均被鉴定至物种水平，通过解剖确定其性别与性腺成熟度，体尺以标准体长（standard length，mm）记录。水文数据集取自马瑙斯港（Manaus’s harbor），洪水周期的年度描述遵循Röpke等人（2017）的方法。
本次公开提供两组CSV格式数据集：
第一组为`IR_Catalao2019_reproduction.csv`，用于验证第一项研究假设，包含16种鱼类的年度繁殖雌性占比相关信息（详见已发表论文），具体字段包括：水文年度（Hydrol.Year，大致以每年10月至次年3月为一个水文年度）、公历年（Greg.Year）、年度繁殖雌性个体数（N_females）、捕获成年雌性总数量（Total）、枯水期持续时长（LowWat_Duration，单位：天）、涨水期持续时长（Rising_Duration，单位：天）、年度最低水位（minWaterLevel）、洪水涨速（RisingIntensity）、水位变化幅度（Hyd.Cycl.Intensity）、基于110年水文数据的水文属性主成分分析第一轴（PC1）、物种名称、科与属。
第二组为`IR_Catalao2019_L50.csv`，用于验证第二与第三项研究假设，包含以下信息：标准体长（BodySize，单位：mm）、性别（Sex，本研究仅纳入雌性（F）与未成熟个体（I））、性腺发育等级（GonadMaurity，1代表未成熟个体，2-6代表卵巢处于年度繁殖周期不同发育阶段的成年雌性）、性成熟评分（SexMaturity，未成熟个体记为0，性成熟雌性记为1）、公历年（Year）、分类学类别：科与属，以及捕捞压力（Fishing）。