Influence of grafting production method on agronomic performance of wine grape varieties

Abstract Agronomic performance of different types of Chardonnay, Malbec, Merlot and Sauvignon Blanc vines grafted on ‘1103 Paulsen’ rootstock were evaluated after planting in Videira-SC. The treatment factors tested were the variety scions and grafted plants: RN – year-old bare root produced by omega grafting, EV – year-old bare root rootstock grafted in the summer, EI – rootstock cuttings rooted first in pots and then planted in the field at the end of spring and grafted in the following winter, FE - rootstock cuttings incubated for callusing and grafted just after the emission of first roots and then planted in the field, BI – year-old bare root rootstocks planted in the field in the winter and then grafted in the following winter, BE –year-old bare root rootstocks grafted and planted in the field after the scion buds started sprouting. The study was carried out as a randomized block experimental design. The ‘Chardonnay’ variety showed slower growth compared to the others, regardless of the grafted plant used. It is possible to implement commercial vineyards using all the types of grafted plants evaluated. The vines produced by BE, RN and FE presented a higher survival rate after being planted in the field.

摘要：本研究于巴西圣卡塔琳娜州维迪拉（Videira-SC）开展，对嫁接于1103保罗森（1103 Paulsen）砧木的不同霞多丽（Chardonnay）、马尔贝克（Malbec）、梅洛（Merlot）及长相思（Sauvignon Blanc）葡萄植株的农艺性状表现进行评估。供试处理因子涵盖接穗品种与嫁接苗培育方式：RN为采用欧米茄嫁接（omega grafting）培育的一年生裸根苗；EV为夏季完成嫁接的一年生裸根砧木苗；EI为先在盆内生根的砧木插条，于春季末定植大田后于次年冬季嫁接的生产方式；FE为砧木插条经愈伤诱导后，在初生根萌发后即刻嫁接，随后定植大田的生产方式；BI为冬季定植大田的一年生裸根砧木，于次年冬季完成嫁接的生产方式；BE为接穗芽萌发后完成嫁接并定植大田的一年生裸根砧木苗。本研究采用随机区组试验设计实施。结果表明，无论采用何种嫁接苗类型，霞多丽（Chardonnay）品种的生长速率均慢于其余供试品种。所有评估的嫁接苗类型均可应用于商业葡萄园建设，其中BE、RN及FE处理的嫁接苗大田定植后成活率更高。