Population density of Arabica coffee cultivars for bean quality and yield

ABSTRACT For the implantation of a coffee tree crop, aiming at a high yield, each cultivar, depending on the plant distribution and density, can express differently its results. This study aimed to evaluate the yield potential and grain quality of Arabica coffee cultivars grown under different spacings between rows and between plants. A randomized block design was used, with three replications, in a split-split-plot scheme, being the plots three coffee cultivars (Obatã IAC-1669-20, Tupi IAC-1669-33 and Catuaí Vermelho IAC-144), four spacings between rows (1.8 m, 2.0 m, 2.5 m and 3.0 m) and four spacings between plants in the row (0.5 m, 0.7 m, 0.8 m and 1.0 m), totaling 48 treatments. The type of coffee bean (flat, peaberry and elephant) and yield per hectare were evaluated. The Obatã cultivar showed the highest potential yield, in relation to Tupi and Catuaí Vermelho, and also the highest percentage of flat grains. The factors, in order of importance, that interfere with the potential yield of processed coffee are the cultivar and the spacing between rows and between plants.

摘要 为实现咖啡种植的高产目标，不同咖啡品种的产量表现会因植株分布与种植密度的差异而有所不同。本研究旨在评估不同行间距与株间距下种植的阿拉比卡咖啡（Arabica coffee）品种的产量潜力与籽粒品质。本研究采用裂裂区试验设计，以随机区组设计为框架并设置三次生物学重复，主区为3个咖啡品种（Obatã IAC-1669-20、Tupi IAC-1669-33以及Catuaí Vermelho IAC-144），副区为4种行间距（1.8 m、2.0 m、2.5 m及3.0 m），副副区为4种株间距（0.5 m、0.7 m、0.8 m及1.0 m），共计48个处理组合。试验测定指标包括咖啡豆型（平豆、圆豆及象豆）与公顷产量。相较于Tupi IAC-1669-33与Catuaí Vermelho IAC-144品种，Obatã IAC-1669-20品种展现出最高的产量潜力，同时其平豆占比也最高。影响加工咖啡产量潜力的因素按重要性排序依次为：咖啡品种、行间距与株间距。