Arizona Subsurface Infiltration Index v.2

This dataset represents the Arizona Subsurface Infiltration Index v.2 (SbII), a raster-based index developed to estimate the relative potential for water to infiltrate into subsurface lithologic units across the state of Arizona. The goal of this layer is to support landscape-scale planning for groundwater recharge enhancement by identifying regions with favorable subsurface conditions for infiltration.

The index is derived from a weighted linear combination of four geologic and structural variables that influence the movement of water through the vadose zone and into underlying aquifers:

Matrix Permeability (Pm) – log-transformed saturated hydraulic conductivity (log K) from the GLobal HYdrogeology MaPS (GLHYMPS v2) dataset (Huscroft et al., 2018), which reflects the ability of the geologic matrix to transmit water.

Matrix Porosity (Po) – volumetric porosity values from GLHYMPS v2, which influence the capacity for water storage within rock or sediment pore spaces.

Lineament Density (LD) – estimated from topographic and statistical surface derivatives using automated lineament extraction. These features are used as proxies for secondary permeability from faults and fractures, which can enhance infiltration along structurally controlled zones.

Presence of Karst or Pseudokarst Lithologies (Pk) – derived from national-scale karst mapping (Weary and Doctor, 2014), this factor accounts for lithologies prone to dissolution (e.g., carbonates, evaporites) or lava tube development, which can produce highly permeable pathways for focused recharge.

Each input layer was reclassified to a common suitability scale from 1 to 10, where 10 indicates the highest potential for infiltration and 1 the lowest. This reclassification was based on literature-supported thresholds, expert knowledge, and the distribution of values within the Arizona study area (see Methodology section for details).

This layer is intended to provide a spatially explicit, state-wide estimate of infiltration suitability, particularly useful for identifying regions where managed aquifer recharge (MAR) or landscape management strategies (e.g., thinning, floodwater retention) may have the greatest potential impact on subsurface recharge. However, due to the scale and resolution of the input data, this index is not appropriate for parcel-scale or engineering design applications. Local field investigations are essential for evaluating infiltration capacity at specific sites.

Visit [https://ryan3lima.github.io/Arizona_10m_Lineaments/] for more details

本数据集为亚利桑那地下入渗指数第二版（Arizona Subsurface Infiltration Index v.2，SbII），是一款基于栅格的指数，旨在估算亚利桑那州全域内水体渗入地下岩性单元的相对潜力。本图层的研发目标是通过识别具备适宜地下入渗条件的区域，为地下水补给强化的景观尺度规划提供支撑。

该指数由四个影响水体穿过包气带（vadose zone）并进入下伏含水层的地质与构造变量，通过加权线性组合计算得到：
1. 基质渗透率（Matrix Permeability，Pm）：源自全球水文地质图数据集第二版（GLobal HYdrogeology MaPS v2，GLHYMPS v2，Huscroft等人，2018）的对数转换饱和导水率（log K），反映地质基质的输水能力。
2. 基质孔隙度（Matrix Porosity，Po）：源自GLHYMPS v2的体积孔隙度数值，决定岩石或沉积物孔隙空间内的储水能力。
3. 线性构造密度（Lineament Density，LD）：通过自动化线性构造提取方法，由地形与统计地表导数估算得到的数值，可作为断层与裂隙引发的次生渗透率的替代指标，能提升构造控制带内的入渗效率。
4. 喀斯特或伪喀斯特岩性分布（Presence of Karst or Pseudokarst Lithologies，Pk）：源自国家级喀斯特制图（Weary与Doctor，2014），该因子考量了易发生溶蚀作用（如碳酸盐岩、蒸发岩）或熔岩管发育的岩性，此类岩性可形成高渗透性通道，实现集中式补给。

所有输入图层均被重分类至统一的适宜性评分区间1至10，其中10代表最高入渗潜力，1代表最低入渗潜力。本次重分类依据文献支持的阈值、专家经验，以及亚利桑那研究区内的数值分布情况（详细信息参见方法学章节）。

本图层旨在提供全亚利桑那州范围内空间显性的入渗适宜性估算结果，尤其适用于识别那些采用地下水管理补给（Managed Aquifer Recharge，MAR）或景观管理策略（如疏伐、洪水滞留）可对地下补给产生最大潜在影响的区域。但受输入数据的尺度与分辨率限制，本指数不适用于地块尺度或工程设计类应用，特定场地的入渗能力评估需开展本地实地调研。

更多详情请访问：https://ryan3lima.github.io/Arizona_10m_Lineaments/