Data from: The biogeography of introgression in the critically endangered African monkey Rungweceubs kipunji

In the four years since its original description, the taxonomy of the kipunji (Rungwecebus kipunji), a geographically restricted and critically endangered African monkey, has been the subject of much debate, and recent research suggesting that the first voucher specimen of Rungwecebus has baboon mitochondrial DNA has intensified the controversy. We show that Rungwecebus from a second region of Tanzania has a distinct mitochondrial haplotype that is basal to a clade containing all Papio species and the original Rungwecebus voucher, supporting the placement of Rungwecebus as the sister taxon of Papio and its status as a separate genus. We suggest that the Rungwecebus population in the Southern Highlands has experienced geographically localized mitochondrial DNA introgression from Papio, while the Ndundulu population retains the true Rungwecebus mitochondrial genome.

自奇庞吉猴（Rungwecebus kipunji）首次被正式描述以来的四年间，这种地理分布受限且极危的非洲猴类的分类学研究一直存在诸多争议；近期有研究指出，奇庞吉属（Rungwecebus）的首份凭证标本携带有狒狒属（Papio）的线粒体DNA（mitochondrial DNA），这一发现进一步激化了相关学术争议。本研究证实，来自坦桑尼亚第二分布区域的奇庞吉猴拥有独特的线粒体单倍型，该单倍型在包含所有狒狒属物种与原始奇庞吉属凭证标本的演化支中处于基干位置，这一结果支持奇庞吉属作为狒狒属的姐妹分类单元，并应被确立为独立属的分类观点。我们推测，南部高地的奇庞吉猴种群曾发生过源自狒狒属的局域性线粒体DNA基因渐渗事件，而恩杜恩杜鲁（Ndundulu）种群则保留了纯正的奇庞吉属线粒体基因组。