Decolorization of azo dye by Mn(II) oxidation and manganese-oxide reduction

The textile industry sector significantly contributes to the economic growth of developing countries; however, the wastewater discharged by textile industries is considered to be a major cause of river-water pollution. The development of biological processes for treating azo-dye-contaminated waters is an important objective. Herein, we investigated the effects of Mn(II) oxidation and manganese-oxide reduction on the removal of the azo dye, Bordeaux S (BS), under aerobic and anaerobic conditions using two reactors, one with installed abiotic-MnO2, and one devoid of MnO2.